Modernized C++ a bit (and removed global highscores) HEAD master

17 files changed, 1235 insertions, 1683 deletions

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
-cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 2.6)
+cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 3.1)
 project (mazeoflife)
 
+#set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -sUSE_SDL=2 -sUSE_SDL_NET=2 -sUSE_SDL_TTF=2")
+
 set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake)
 
 find_package(SDL2 REQUIRED)
@@ -13,7 +15,7 @@ include_directories(
   ${SDL2_NET_INCLUDE_DIRS}
 )
 
-add_executable(mazeoflife highscore.cpp hslist.cpp mazeoflife.cpp util.cpp titlestate.cpp gamestate.cpp)
-set_property(TARGET mazeoflife PROPERTY CXX_STANDARD 11)
+add_executable(mazeoflife hslist.cpp hs_state.cpp mazeoflife.cpp util.cpp titlestate.cpp gamestate.cpp)
+set_property(TARGET mazeoflife PROPERTY CXX_STANDARD 17)
 set_property(TARGET mazeoflife PROPERTY CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
 target_link_libraries(mazeoflife ${SDL2_LIBRARY} ${SDL2_TTF_LIBRARY} ${SDL2_NET_LIBRARIES})
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
 #include <fstream>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <list>
+#include <memory>
+#include <random>
 #include <set>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <tuple>
@@ -16,61 +18,13 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "highscore.h"
+#include "hs_state.h"
 #include "hslist.h"
 #include "mazeoflife.h"
 #include "titlestate.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
-class GameBoard {
- public:
-  GameBoard(int level, int playerx, int playery);
-  void tick(int playerx, int playery);
-  void render(SDL_Renderer* renderer, int level) const;
-  bool isObstructed(int x, int y) const;
-  bool operator<(const GameBoard& other) const;
-
-  using coord = std::tuple<int, int>;
-
- private:
-  void initialize(int level);
-  bool solve(int playerx, int playery) const;
-  std::string dump() const;
-
-  using board_type = std::bitset<WIDTH * HEIGHT>;
-
-  void incrementIfNeighbor(int x, int y, const board_type& temp, int playerx,
-                           int playery, int& tick) const;
-
-  bool applyNeighbors(int x, int y, const board_type& temp, int playerx,
-                      int playery) const;
-
-  board_type blocks;
-  board_type updateable;
-  int oldx;
-  int oldy;
-};
-
-class LoadGameState : public State {
- public:
-  LoadGameState(int level);
-  State* operator()(SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer);
-
- private:
-  int level;
-};
-
-class PlayGameState : public State {
- public:
-  PlayGameState(int level, GameBoard* board, int playerx, int playery);
-  State* operator()(SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer);
-
- private:
-  bool move(int x, int y);
-  int level;
-  GameBoard* board;
-  int playerx;
-  int playery;
-};
+using board_type = std::bitset<WIDTH * HEIGHT>;
 
 void setRendererAliveColor(SDL_Renderer* renderer, int level) {
   switch ((level / 10) % 5) {
@@ -112,8 +66,8 @@ void setRendererDeadColor(SDL_Renderer* renderer, int level) {
   }
 }
 
-void GameBoard::incrementIfNeighbor(int x, int y, const board_type& temp,
-                                    int playerx, int playery, int& tick) const {
+void incrementIfNeighbor(int x, int y, const board_type& temp, int playerx,
+                         int playery, int& tick) {
   int nx = x;
   int ny = y;
 
@@ -127,545 +81,566 @@ void GameBoard::incrementIfNeighbor(int x, int y, const board_type& temp,
   }
 }
 
-State* GameState::operator()(SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer) {
-  return new LoadGameState(0);
-}
-
-LoadGameState::LoadGameState(int m_level) { level = m_level; }
+bool applyNeighbors(int x, int y, const board_type& temp, int playerx,
+                    int playery) {
+  int neighbors = 0;
 
-State* LoadGameState::operator()(SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer) {
-  char* wintitle = new char[50];
-  sprintf(wintitle, "Maze Of Life - Level %d", level);
-  SDL_SetWindowTitle(window, wintitle);
+  incrementIfNeighbor(x - 1, y - 1, temp, playerx, playery, neighbors);
+  incrementIfNeighbor(x - 1, y, temp, playerx, playery, neighbors);
+  incrementIfNeighbor(x - 1, y + 1, temp, playerx, playery, neighbors);
+  incrementIfNeighbor(x, y - 1, temp, playerx, playery, neighbors);
+  incrementIfNeighbor(x, y + 1, temp, playerx, playery, neighbors);
+  incrementIfNeighbor(x + 1, y - 1, temp, playerx, playery, neighbors);
+  incrementIfNeighbor(x + 1, y, temp, playerx, playery, neighbors);
+  incrementIfNeighbor(x + 1, y + 1, temp, playerx, playery, neighbors);
 
-  // Randomly place the player in a corner
-  int playerx, playery;
-  switch (rand() % 4) {
-    case 0:
-      playerx = 1;
-      playery = 1;
-      break;
-    case 1:
-      playerx = 1;
-      playery = HEIGHT - 2;
-      break;
-    case 2:
-      playerx = WIDTH - 2;
-      playery = HEIGHT - 2;
-      break;
-    case 3:
-      playerx = WIDTH - 2;
-      playery = 1;
-      break;
+  if (temp[x + y * WIDTH]) {
+    return ((neighbors >= 1) && (neighbors <= 4));
+  } else {
+    return (neighbors == 3);
   }
+}
 
-  // Display the level number
-  setRendererDeadColor(renderer, level);
-  SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
-
-  TTF_Font* font = loadFont(100);
-  SDL_Color fontColor = {0, 0, 0, 0};
-  char levelnum[8];
-  sprintf(levelnum, "%d", level);
-  SDL_Surface* dispsurf = TTF_RenderText_Solid(font, levelnum, fontColor);
-  SDL_Texture* disptext = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(renderer, dispsurf);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(dispsurf);
-
-  SDL_Rect pos;
-  SDL_QueryTexture(disptext, NULL, NULL, &pos.w, &pos.h);
-  pos.x = 240 - (pos.w / 2);
-  pos.y = 240 - (pos.h / 2);
-
-  SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, disptext, NULL, &pos);
-  SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
+class GameBoard {
+ public:
+  GameBoard(Game& game, int level, int playerx, int playery) {
+    for (;;) {
+      initialize(game, level);
+      updateable_.set();
+      oldx_ = playerx;
+      oldy_ = playery;
+
+      for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
+        tick(playerx, playery);
+      }
 
-  // Do 50 gens of Conway
-  GameBoard* board = new GameBoard(level, playerx, playery);
+      if (solve(playerx, playery)) {
+        break;
+      } else {
+        std::cout << "Impossible board: " << playerx << "," << playery << ","
+                  << dump() << std::endl;
+      }
+    }
+  }
 
-  // Wait a bit
-  SDL_Delay(500);
+  void tick(int playerx, int playery) {
+    board_type temp{blocks_};
+    board_type tempdateable{updateable_};
+    if ((playerx != oldx_) || (playery != oldy_)) {
+      for (int dy = -1; dy <= 1; dy++) {
+        for (int dx = -1; dx <= 1; dx++) {
+          int tdx = oldx_ + dx;
+          int tdy = oldy_ + dy;
+          wrap(tdx, tdy);
+          tempdateable.set(tdx + tdy * WIDTH);
+
+          tdx = playerx + dx;
+          tdy = playery + dy;
+          wrap(tdx, tdy);
+          tempdateable.set(tdx + tdy * WIDTH);
+        }
+      }
+    }
 
-  // Start the level
-  return new PlayGameState(level, board, playerx, playery);
-}
+    oldx_ = playerx;
+    oldy_ = playery;
 
-PlayGameState::PlayGameState(int m_level, GameBoard* m_board, int m_playerx,
-                             int m_playery) {
-  level = m_level;
-  board = m_board;
-  playerx = m_playerx;
-  playery = m_playery;
-}
+    updateable_.reset();
 
-State* PlayGameState::operator()(SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer) {
-  SDL_Event e;
+    for (int y = 0; y < HEIGHT; y++) {
+      for (int x = 0; x < WIDTH; x++) {
+        if (((x == 15) && (y == 15)) || (!tempdateable[x + y * WIDTH])) {
+          continue;
+        }
 
-  for (;;) {
-    // Tick board
-    board->tick(playerx, playery);
+        blocks_[x + y * WIDTH] = applyNeighbors(x, y, temp, playerx, playery);
 
-    // Paint board
-    board->render(renderer, level);
+        if (temp[x + y * WIDTH] != blocks_[x + y * WIDTH]) {
+          for (int dy = -1; dy <= 1; dy++) {
+            for (int dx = -1; dx <= 1; dx++) {
+              int tdx = x + dx;
+              int tdy = y + dy;
+              wrap(tdx, tdy);
+              updateable_.set(tdx + tdy * WIDTH);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
 
-    // Paint event
+  void render(SDL_Renderer* renderer, int level) const {
     SDL_Rect block;
     block.w = 16;
     block.h = 16;
-    block.x = 15 * 16;
-    block.y = 15 * 16;
-    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 0, 0, 255, 255);
-    SDL_RenderFillRect(renderer, &block);
-
-    // Paint player
-    block.x = playerx * 16;
-    block.y = playery * 16;
-    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 255, 255, 0, 255);
-    SDL_RenderFillRect(renderer, &block);
-
-    SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
-
-    while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
-      if (e.type == SDL_QUIT) {
-        return NULL;
-      } else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
-        switch (e.key.keysym.sym) {
-          case SDLK_LEFT:
-            if (move(playerx - 1, playery)) {
-              return new LoadGameState(level + 1);
-            } else {
-              break;
-            }
 
-          case SDLK_RIGHT:
-            if (move(playerx + 1, playery)) {
-              return new LoadGameState(level + 1);
-            } else {
-              break;
-            }
+    for (int y = 0; y < HEIGHT; y++) {
+      for (int x = 0; x < WIDTH; x++) {
+        block.x = x * 16;
+        block.y = y * 16;
 
-          case SDLK_UP:
-            if (move(playerx, playery - 1)) {
-              return new LoadGameState(level + 1);
-            } else {
-              break;
-            }
-
-          case SDLK_DOWN:
-            if (move(playerx, playery + 1)) {
-              return new LoadGameState(level + 1);
-            } else {
-              break;
-            }
-
-          case SDLK_ESCAPE:
-            SDL_SetWindowTitle(window, "");
-
-            std::ifstream exists(getDataFile());
-            if (exists) {
-              FILE* hslist = fopen(getDataFile(), "r");
-              int scores;
-              Highscore* h;
-
-              fscanf(hslist, "%d%*c", &scores);
+        if (blocks_[x + y * WIDTH]) {
+          setRendererAliveColor(renderer, level);
+        } else {
+          setRendererDeadColor(renderer, level);
+        }
 
-              if (scores < 10) {
-                fclose(hslist);
+        SDL_RenderFillRect(renderer, &block);
+      }
+    }
+  }
 
-                return new EnterHighscoreState(level);
-              } else {
-                for (int i = 0; i < scores; i++) {
-                  int namelen;
-                  char namelens[4];
-                  char* name = (char*)calloc(25, sizeof(char));
-                  int score;
+  bool isObstructed(int x, int y) const {
+    return blocks_[x + y * WIDTH] || (x == 15 && y == 15);
+  }
 
-                  fscanf(hslist, "%d", &namelen);
-                  sprintf(namelens, "%%%dc", namelen);
-                  fscanf(hslist, namelens, name);
-                  fscanf(hslist, "%d%*c", &score);
+  bool operator<(const GameBoard& other) const {
+    for (int i = WIDTH * HEIGHT - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+      if (blocks_[i] ^ other.blocks_[i]) {
+        return other.blocks_[i];
+      }
+    }
 
-                  h = new Highscore(name, score);
-                }
+    return false;
+  }
 
-                fclose(hslist);
+  using coord = std::tuple<int, int>;
 
-                if (h->getLevel() < level) {
-                  return new EnterHighscoreState(level);
-                } else {
-                  return new DisplayAndReturnLocalHighscoreListState();
-                }
-              }
-            } else {
-              return new EnterHighscoreState(level);
+ private:
+  void initialize(Game& game, int level) {
+    for (int y = 0; y < HEIGHT; y++) {
+      for (int x = 0; x < WIDTH; x++) {
+        blocks_[x + y * WIDTH] = false;
+
+        switch (level / 10 + 1) {
+          case 1:
+            if ((x > 13) && (x < 17) && (y > 13) && (y < 17)) {
+              blocks_[x + y * WIDTH] =
+                  std::bernoulli_distribution(0.5)(game.rng);
             }
+            break;
+          case 2:
+          case 3:
+            if ((x > 12) && (x < 18) && (y > 12) && (y < 18)) {
+              blocks_[x + y * WIDTH] =
+                  std::bernoulli_distribution(0.5)(game.rng);
+            }
+            break;
+          case 4:
+          case 5:
+            if ((x > 11) && (x < 19) && (y > 11) && (y < 19)) {
+              blocks_[x + y * WIDTH] =
+                  std::bernoulli_distribution(0.5)(game.rng);
+            }
+            break;
+          default:
+            blocks_[x + y * WIDTH] = std::bernoulli_distribution(0.5)(game.rng);
         }
       }
     }
 
-    SDL_Delay(5);
+    blocks_[15 + 15 * WIDTH] = false;
   }
-}
 
-bool PlayGameState::move(int x, int y) {
-  wrap(x, y);
+  bool solve(int playerx, int playery) const {
+    std::deque<std::tuple<GameBoard, coord, int>> search;
+    std::unordered_map<board_type, board_type> done;
 
-  // Are we at the event?
-  if ((x == 15) && (y == 15)) {
-    return true;
-  }
+    // Assume that the player will not move while the board is changing, so tick
+    // the board until it either stops changing, or it reaches a state that it
+    // has already been in (in the case of alternating systems).
+    {
+      GameBoard original = *this;
 
-  // Can we even go there?
-  if (!board->isObstructed(x, y)) {
-    playerx = x;
-    playery = y;
-  }
-
-  return false;
-}
+      std::unordered_set<board_type> pastStates;
+      pastStates.insert(original.blocks_);
 
-GameBoard::GameBoard(int level, int playerx, int playery) {
-  for (;;) {
-    initialize(level);
-    updateable.set();
-    oldx = playerx;
-    oldy = playery;
+      while (original.updateable_.any()) {
+        original.tick(playerx, playery);
 
-    for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
-      tick(playerx, playery);
-    }
-
-    if (solve(playerx, playery)) {
-      break;
-    } else {
-      std::cout << "Impossible board: " << playerx << "," << playery << ","
-                << dump() << std::endl;
-    }
-  }
-}
+        if (pastStates.count(original.blocks_)) {
+          break;
+        }
 
-void GameBoard::tick(int playerx, int playery) {
-  board_type temp{blocks};
-  board_type tempdateable{updateable};
-  if ((playerx != oldx) || (playery != oldy)) {
-    for (int dy = -1; dy <= 1; dy++) {
-      for (int dx = -1; dx <= 1; dx++) {
-        int tdx = oldx + dx;
-        int tdy = oldy + dy;
-        wrap(tdx, tdy);
-        tempdateable.set(tdx + tdy * WIDTH);
-
-        tdx = playerx + dx;
-        tdy = playery + dy;
-        wrap(tdx, tdy);
-        tempdateable.set(tdx + tdy * WIDTH);
+        pastStates.insert(original.blocks_);
       }
+
+      search.emplace_front(std::move(original), coord{playerx, playery}, 0);
     }
-  }
 
-  oldx = playerx;
-  oldy = playery;
+    // Use breadth first search to find a solution.
+    bool exists = false;
+    while (!search.empty()) {
+      auto cur = std::move(search.front());
+      search.pop_front();
 
-  updateable.reset();
+      GameBoard& cbr = std::get<0>(cur);
+      coord& cpl = std::get<1>(cur);
+      int cns = std::get<2>(cur);
 
-  for (int y = 0; y < HEIGHT; y++) {
-    for (int x = 0; x < WIDTH; x++) {
-      if (((x == 15) && (y == 15)) || (!tempdateable[x + y * WIDTH])) {
+      // If it has been over 100 generations, give up.
+      if (cns > 100) {
         continue;
       }
 
-      blocks[x + y * WIDTH] = applyNeighbors(x, y, temp, playerx, playery);
+      int cplx = std::get<0>(cpl);
+      int cply = std::get<1>(cpl);
 
-      if (temp[x + y * WIDTH] != blocks[x + y * WIDTH]) {
-        for (int dy = -1; dy <= 1; dy++) {
-          for (int dx = -1; dx <= 1; dx++) {
-            int tdx = x + dx;
-            int tdy = y + dy;
-            wrap(tdx, tdy);
-            updateable.set(tdx + tdy * WIDTH);
-          }
-        }
+      // If this section of this board state has already been checked, skip it.
+      if (done.count(cbr.blocks_) &&
+          done.at(cbr.blocks_)[cplx + cply * WIDTH]) {
+        continue;
       }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-bool GameBoard::applyNeighbors(int x, int y, const board_type& temp,
-                               int playerx, int playery) const {
-  int neighbors = 0;
 
-  incrementIfNeighbor(x - 1, y - 1, temp, playerx, playery, neighbors);
-  incrementIfNeighbor(x - 1, y, temp, playerx, playery, neighbors);
-  incrementIfNeighbor(x - 1, y + 1, temp, playerx, playery, neighbors);
-  incrementIfNeighbor(x, y - 1, temp, playerx, playery, neighbors);
-  incrementIfNeighbor(x, y + 1, temp, playerx, playery, neighbors);
-  incrementIfNeighbor(x + 1, y - 1, temp, playerx, playery, neighbors);
-  incrementIfNeighbor(x + 1, y, temp, playerx, playery, neighbors);
-  incrementIfNeighbor(x + 1, y + 1, temp, playerx, playery, neighbors);
+      // Use a flood fill to find a set of positions accessible to the player
+      // without modifying the board state, as well as a set of positions
+      // adjacent to the flood that /will/ modify the board state.
+      board_type flood;
+      std::deque<coord> front;
+      front.push_front(cpl);
+      flood[cplx + cply * WIDTH] = true;
+
+      std::set<coord> edges;
+
+      while (!front.empty()) {
+        coord frontLoc = std::move(front.front());
+        front.pop_front();
+
+        // Iterate over the positions 4-adjacent to the current one.
+        for (coord& fc : std::list<coord>{
+                 {std::get<0>(frontLoc) - 1, std::get<1>(frontLoc)},
+                 {std::get<0>(frontLoc) + 1, std::get<1>(frontLoc)},
+                 {std::get<0>(frontLoc), std::get<1>(frontLoc) - 1},
+                 {std::get<0>(frontLoc), std::get<1>(frontLoc) + 1},
+             }) {
+          wrap(std::get<0>(fc), std::get<1>(fc));
+          int fcx = std::get<0>(fc);
+          int fcy = std::get<1>(fc);
+
+          // If this position is already in the flood, skip it.
+          if (flood[fcx + fcy * WIDTH]) {
+            continue;
+          }
 
-  if (temp[x + y * WIDTH]) {
-    return ((neighbors >= 1) && (neighbors <= 4));
-  } else {
-    return (neighbors == 3);
-  }
-}
+          // If the player could not move into this position, skip it.
+          if (cbr.isObstructed(fcx, fcy)) {
+            continue;
+          }
 
-void GameBoard::render(SDL_Renderer* renderer, int level) const {
-  SDL_Rect block;
-  block.w = 16;
-  block.h = 16;
+          // If this position is adjacent to the event, then the board is
+          // solvable.
+          if (((fcx == 15) && ((fcy == 14) || (fcy == 16))) ||
+              ((fcy == 15) && ((fcx == 14) || (fcx == 16)))) {
+            exists = true;
+            break;
+          }
 
-  for (int y = 0; y < HEIGHT; y++) {
-    for (int x = 0; x < WIDTH; x++) {
-      block.x = x * 16;
-      block.y = y * 16;
+          // Check if the player moving would cause any positions 8-adjacent to
+          // the start or end positions to change. This is more efficient than
+          // copying the board state and then running tick.
+          bool changed = false;
+          for (int dy = -1; dy <= 1; dy++) {
+            for (int dx = -1; dx <= 1; dx++) {
+              if (dx == 0 && dy == 0) {
+                continue;
+              }
 
-      if (blocks[x + y * WIDTH]) {
-        setRendererAliveColor(renderer, level);
-      } else {
-        setRendererDeadColor(renderer, level);
-      }
+              int cpldx = cplx + dx;
+              int cpldy = cply + dy;
+              wrap(cpldx, cpldy);
 
-      SDL_RenderFillRect(renderer, &block);
-    }
-  }
-}
+              if (cbr.isObstructed(cpldx, cpldy) !=
+                  applyNeighbors(cpldx, cpldy, cbr.blocks_, fcx, fcy)) {
+                changed = true;
+                break;
+              }
 
-bool GameBoard::isObstructed(int x, int y) const {
-  return blocks[x + y * WIDTH] || (x == 15 && y == 15);
-}
+              int fcxdx = fcx + dx;
+              int fcydy = fcy + dy;
+              wrap(fcxdx, fcydy);
 
-void GameBoard::initialize(int level) {
-  for (int y = 0; y < HEIGHT; y++) {
-    for (int x = 0; x < WIDTH; x++) {
-      blocks[x + y * WIDTH] = false;
+              if (cbr.isObstructed(fcxdx, fcydy) !=
+                  applyNeighbors(fcxdx, fcydy, cbr.blocks_, fcx, fcy)) {
+                changed = true;
+                break;
+              }
+            }
 
-      switch (level / 10 + 1) {
-        case 1:
-          if ((x > 13) && (x < 17) && (y > 13) && (y < 17)) {
-            blocks[x + y * WIDTH] = rand() % 2;
-          }
-          break;
-        case 2:
-        case 3:
-          if ((x > 12) && (x < 18) && (y > 12) && (y < 18)) {
-            blocks[x + y * WIDTH] = rand() % 2;
+            if (changed) {
+              break;
+            }
           }
-          break;
-        case 4:
-        case 5:
-          if ((x > 11) && (x < 19) && (y > 11) && (y < 19)) {
-            blocks[x + y * WIDTH] = rand() % 2;
+
+          // If moving to this position would change the board state, add it to
+          // the set of edges; otherwise, add it to the flood and the flood
+          // front.
+          if (changed) {
+            edges.insert(fc);
+          } else {
+            flood[fcx + fcy * WIDTH] = true;
+            front.push_back(fc);
           }
+        }
+
+        if (exists) {
           break;
-        default:
-          blocks[x + y * WIDTH] = rand() % 2;
+        }
       }
-    }
-  }
 
-  blocks[15 + 15 * WIDTH] = false;
-}
+      if (exists) {
+        break;
+      }
 
-bool GameBoard::operator<(const GameBoard& other) const {
-  for (int i = WIDTH * HEIGHT - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-    if (blocks[i] ^ other.blocks[i]) {
-      return other.blocks[i];
-    }
-  }
+      // Add the flood to the set of checked positions for this board state.
+      done[cbr.blocks_] |= flood;
 
-  return false;
-}
+      // Add the edges to the search queue.
+      for (const coord& newLoc : edges) {
+        GameBoard nextState1 = cbr;
+        nextState1.tick(std::get<0>(newLoc), std::get<1>(newLoc));
 
-bool GameBoard::solve(int playerx, int playery) const {
-  std::deque<std::tuple<GameBoard, coord, int>> search;
-  std::unordered_map<board_type, board_type> done;
+        // Assume that the player will not move while the board is changing, so
+        // tick the board until it either stops changing, or it reaches a state
+        // that it has already been in (in the case of alternating systems).
+        std::unordered_set<board_type> pastStates;
+        pastStates.insert(nextState1.blocks_);
 
-  // Assume that the player will not move while the board is changing, so tick
-  // the board until it either stops changing, or it reaches a state that it has
-  // already been in (in the case of alternating systems).
-  {
-    GameBoard original = *this;
+        while (nextState1.updateable_.any()) {
+          nextState1.tick(std::get<0>(newLoc), std::get<1>(newLoc));
 
-    std::unordered_set<board_type> pastStates;
-    pastStates.insert(original.blocks);
+          if (pastStates.count(nextState1.blocks_)) {
+            break;
+          }
 
-    while (original.updateable.any()) {
-      original.tick(playerx, playery);
+          pastStates.insert(nextState1.blocks_);
+        }
 
-      if (pastStates.count(original.blocks)) {
-        break;
+        if (!done.count(nextState1.blocks_) ||
+            !done.at(nextState1.blocks_)[std::get<0>(newLoc) +
+                                         std::get<1>(newLoc) * WIDTH]) {
+          search.emplace_back(std::move(nextState1), newLoc, cns + 1);
+        }
       }
+    }
 
-      pastStates.insert(original.blocks);
+    return exists;
+  }
+
+  std::string dump() const {
+    std::stringstream output;
+    output << std::hex;
+    for (int i = 0; i < WIDTH * HEIGHT / 4; i++) {
+      int chunk = (8 * blocks_[i * 4]) + (4 * blocks_[i * 4 + 1]) +
+                  (2 * blocks_[i * 4 + 2]) + blocks_[i * 4 + 3];
+      output << chunk;
     }
 
-    search.emplace_front(std::move(original), coord{playerx, playery}, 0);
+    return output.str();
   }
 
-  // Use breadth first search to find a solution.
-  bool exists = false;
-  while (!search.empty()) {
-    auto cur = std::move(search.front());
-    search.pop_front();
+  board_type blocks_;
+  board_type updateable_;
+  int oldx_;
+  int oldy_;
+};
 
-    GameBoard& cbr = std::get<0>(cur);
-    coord& cpl = std::get<1>(cur);
-    int cns = std::get<2>(cur);
+std::unique_ptr<State> startNewLevel(int level,
+                                     std::unique_ptr<GameBoard> board,
+                                     int playerx, int playery);
 
-    // If it has been over 100 generations, give up.
-    if (cns > 100) {
-      continue;
+class LoadGameState : public State {
+ public:
+  LoadGameState(int level) : level_(level) {}
+
+  std::unique_ptr<State> operator()(Game& game) {
+    std::ostringstream wintitle;
+    wintitle << "Maze Of Life - Level " << level_;
+    SDL_SetWindowTitle(game.window.get(), wintitle.str().c_str());
+
+    // Randomly place the player in a corner
+    int playerx, playery;
+    switch (std::uniform_int_distribution(0, 3)(game.rng)) {
+      case 0: {
+        playerx = 1;
+        playery = 1;
+        break;
+      }
+      case 1: {
+        playerx = 1;
+        playery = HEIGHT - 2;
+        break;
+      }
+      case 2: {
+        playerx = WIDTH - 2;
+        playery = HEIGHT - 2;
+        break;
+      }
+      case 3: {
+        playerx = WIDTH - 2;
+        playery = 1;
+        break;
+      }
     }
 
-    int cplx = std::get<0>(cpl);
-    int cply = std::get<1>(cpl);
+    // Display the level number
+    setRendererDeadColor(game.renderer.get(), level_);
+    SDL_RenderClear(game.renderer.get());
 
-    // If this section of this board state has already been checked, skip it.
-    if (done.count(cbr.blocks) && done.at(cbr.blocks)[cplx + cply * WIDTH]) {
-      continue;
-    }
+    font_ptr font = loadFont(100);
+    SDL_Color fontColor = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+    std::string levelnum = std::to_string(level_);
+    surface_ptr dispsurf = surface_ptr(
+        TTF_RenderText_Solid(font.get(), levelnum.c_str(), fontColor));
+    texture_ptr disptext = texture_ptr(
+        SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(game.renderer.get(), dispsurf.get()));
 
-    // Use a flood fill to find a set of positions accessible to the player
-    // without modifying the board state, as well as a set of positions adjacent
-    // to the flood that /will/ modify the board state.
-    board_type flood;
-    std::deque<coord> front;
-    front.push_front(cpl);
-    flood[cplx + cply * WIDTH] = true;
-
-    std::set<coord> edges;
-
-    while (!front.empty()) {
-      coord frontLoc = std::move(front.front());
-      front.pop_front();
-
-      // Iterate over the positions 4-adjacent to the current one.
-      for (coord& fc : std::list<coord>{
-               {std::get<0>(frontLoc) - 1, std::get<1>(frontLoc)},
-               {std::get<0>(frontLoc) + 1, std::get<1>(frontLoc)},
-               {std::get<0>(frontLoc), std::get<1>(frontLoc) - 1},
-               {std::get<0>(frontLoc), std::get<1>(frontLoc) + 1},
-           }) {
-        wrap(std::get<0>(fc), std::get<1>(fc));
-        int fcx = std::get<0>(fc);
-        int fcy = std::get<1>(fc);
-
-        // If this position is already in the flood, skip it.
-        if (flood[fcx + fcy * WIDTH]) {
-          continue;
-        }
+    SDL_Rect pos;
+    SDL_QueryTexture(disptext.get(), NULL, NULL, &pos.w, &pos.h);
+    pos.x = 240 - (pos.w / 2);
+    pos.y = 240 - (pos.h / 2);
 
-        // If the player could not move into this position, skip it.
-        if (cbr.isObstructed(fcx, fcy)) {
-          continue;
-        }
+    SDL_RenderCopy(game.renderer.get(), disptext.get(), NULL, &pos);
+    SDL_RenderPresent(game.renderer.get());
 
-        // If this position is adjacent to the event, then the board is
-        // solvable.
-        if (((fcx == 15) && ((fcy == 14) || (fcy == 16))) ||
-            ((fcy == 15) && ((fcx == 14) || (fcx == 16)))) {
-          exists = true;
-          break;
-        }
+    // Do 50 gens of Conway
+    std::unique_ptr<GameBoard> board =
+        std::make_unique<GameBoard>(game, level_, playerx, playery);
 
-        // Check if the player moving would cause any positions 8-adjacent to
-        // the start or end positions to change. This is more efficient than
-        // copying the board state and then running tick.
-        bool changed = false;
-        for (int dy = -1; dy <= 1; dy++) {
-          for (int dx = -1; dx <= 1; dx++) {
-            if (dx == 0 && dy == 0) {
-              continue;
-            }
+    // Wait a bit
+    SDL_Delay(500);
 
-            int cpldx = cplx + dx;
-            int cpldy = cply + dy;
-            wrap(cpldx, cpldy);
+    // Start the level
+    return startNewLevel(level_, std::move(board), playerx, playery);
+  }
 
-            if (cbr.isObstructed(cpldx, cpldy) !=
-                applyNeighbors(cpldx, cpldy, cbr.blocks, fcx, fcy)) {
-              changed = true;
-              break;
-            }
+ private:
+  int level_;
+};
 
-            int fcxdx = fcx + dx;
-            int fcydy = fcy + dy;
-            wrap(fcxdx, fcydy);
+class PlayGameState : public State {
+ public:
+  PlayGameState(int level, std::unique_ptr<GameBoard> board, int playerx,
+                int playery)
+      : level_(level),
+        board_(std::move(board)),
+        playerx_(playerx),
+        playery_(playery) {}
 
-            if (cbr.isObstructed(fcxdx, fcydy) !=
-                applyNeighbors(fcxdx, fcydy, cbr.blocks, fcx, fcy)) {
-              changed = true;
-              break;
-            }
+  std::unique_ptr<State> operator()(Game& game) {
+    SDL_Event e;
+
+    // Tick board
+    board_->tick(playerx_, playery_);
+
+    // Paint board
+    board_->render(game.renderer.get(), level_);
+
+    // Paint event
+    SDL_Rect block;
+    block.w = 16;
+    block.h = 16;
+    block.x = 15 * 16;
+    block.y = 15 * 16;
+    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(game.renderer.get(), 0, 0, 255, 255);
+    SDL_RenderFillRect(game.renderer.get(), &block);
+
+    // Paint player
+    block.x = playerx_ * 16;
+    block.y = playery_ * 16;
+    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(game.renderer.get(), 255, 255, 0, 255);
+    SDL_RenderFillRect(game.renderer.get(), &block);
+
+    SDL_RenderPresent(game.renderer.get());
+
+    while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
+      if (e.type == SDL_QUIT) {
+        game.should_quit = true;
+
+        return nullptr;
+      } else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
+        bool trymove = false;
+        int to_x = playerx_;
+        int to_y = playery_;
+
+        switch (e.key.keysym.sym) {
+          case SDLK_LEFT: {
+            trymove = true;
+            to_x--;
+            break;
           }
+          case SDLK_RIGHT: {
+            trymove = true;
+            to_x++;
+            break;
+          }
+          case SDLK_UP: {
+            trymove = true;
+            to_y--;
+            break;
+          }
+          case SDLK_DOWN: {
+            trymove = true;
+            to_y++;
+            break;
+          }
+          case SDLK_ESCAPE: {
+            SDL_SetWindowTitle(game.window.get(), "");
+
+            std::unique_ptr<HighscoreList> hslist =
+                HighscoreList::GetLocalHighscores();
+            if (hslist->addHighscore(Highscore("", level_)) <= 10) {
+              return std::make_unique<EnterHighscoreState>(game, level_);
+            } else {
+              return std::make_unique<DisplayAndReturnLocalHighscoreListState>(
+                  game);
+            }
 
-          if (changed) {
             break;
           }
         }
 
-        // If moving to this position would change the board state, add it to
-        // the set of edges; otherwise, add it to the flood and the flood front.
-        if (changed) {
-          edges.insert(fc);
-        } else {
-          flood[fcx + fcy * WIDTH] = true;
-          front.push_back(fc);
+        if (trymove && move(to_x, to_y)) {
+          return std::make_unique<LoadGameState>(level_ + 1);
         }
       }
-
-      if (exists) {
-        break;
-      }
-    }
-
-    if (exists) {
-      break;
     }
 
-    // Add the flood to the set of checked positions for this board state.
-    done[cbr.blocks] |= flood;
-
-    // Add the edges to the search queue.
-    for (const coord& newLoc : edges) {
-      GameBoard nextState1 = cbr;
-      nextState1.tick(std::get<0>(newLoc), std::get<1>(newLoc));
-
-      // Assume that the player will not move while the board is changing, so
-      // tick the board until it either stops changing, or it reaches a state
-      // that it has already been in (in the case of alternating systems).
-      std::unordered_set<board_type> pastStates;
-      pastStates.insert(nextState1.blocks);
+    SDL_Delay(5);
 
-      while (nextState1.updateable.any()) {
-        nextState1.tick(std::get<0>(newLoc), std::get<1>(newLoc));
+    return nullptr;
+  }
 
-        if (pastStates.count(nextState1.blocks)) {
-          break;
-        }
+ private:
+  bool move(int x, int y) {
+    wrap(x, y);
 
-        pastStates.insert(nextState1.blocks);
-      }
+    // Are we at the event?
+    if ((x == 15) && (y == 15)) {
+      return true;
+    }
 
-      if (!done.count(nextState1.blocks) ||
-          !done.at(nextState1.blocks)[std::get<0>(newLoc) +
-                                      std::get<1>(newLoc) * WIDTH]) {
-        search.emplace_back(std::move(nextState1), newLoc, cns + 1);
-      }
+    // Can we even go there?
+    if (!board_->isObstructed(x, y)) {
+      playerx_ = x;
+      playery_ = y;
     }
+
+    return false;
   }
 
-  return exists;
-}
+  int level_;
+  std::unique_ptr<GameBoard> board_;
+  int playerx_;
+  int playery_;
+};
 
-std::string GameBoard::dump() const {
-  std::stringstream output;
-  output << std::hex;
-  for (int i = 0; i < WIDTH * HEIGHT / 4; i++) {
-    int chunk = (8 * blocks[i * 4]) + (4 * blocks[i * 4 + 1]) +
-                (2 * blocks[i * 4 + 2]) + blocks[i * 4 + 3];
-    output << chunk;
-  }
+std::unique_ptr<State> startNewLevel(int level,
+                                     std::unique_ptr<GameBoard> board,
+                                     int playerx, int playery) {
+  return std::make_unique<PlayGameState>(level, std::move(board), playerx,
+                                         playery);
+}
 
-  return output.str();
+std::unique_ptr<State> GameState::operator()(Game&) {
+  return std::make_unique<LoadGameState>(0);
 }
@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
-#include <SDL.h>
-
-#include "state.h"
-
 #ifndef GAMESTATE_H
 #define GAMESTATE_H
 
+#include <memory>
+
+#include "mazeoflife.h"
+#include "state.h"
+
 class GameState : public State {
  public:
-  State* operator()(SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer);
+  std::unique_ptr<State> operator()(Game& game);
 };
 
-#endif
\ No newline at end of file
+#endif
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-#include "highscore.h"
-
-Highscore::Highscore(char* name, int level) {
-  this->name = name;
-  this->level = level;
-}
-
-char* Highscore::getName() { return name; }
-
-int Highscore::getLevel() { return level; }
-
-void Highscore::setRank(int rank) { this->rank = rank; }
-
-int Highscore::getRank() { return rank; }
@@ -1,18 +1,23 @@
 #ifndef HIGHSCORE_H
 #define HIGHSCORE_H
 
+#include <string>
+
 class Highscore {
  public:
-  Highscore(char* name, int level);
-  char* getName();
-  int getLevel();
-  void setRank(int rank);
-  int getRank();
+  Highscore() = default;
+
+  Highscore(std::string name, int level) : name_(name), level_(level) {}
+
+  const std::string getName() const { return name_; }
+  int getLevel() const { return level_; }
+  void setRank(int rank) { rank_ = rank; }
+  int getRank() const { return rank_; }
 
  private:
-  char* name;
-  int level;
-  int rank;
+  std::string name_;
+  int level_;
+  int rank_;
 };
 
 #endif
@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+#include "hs_state.h"
+
+#include <sstream>
+
+#include "gamestate.h"
+#include "titlestate.h"
+#include "util.h"
+
+DisplayLocalHighscoreListState::DisplayLocalHighscoreListState(Game& game) {
+  pointer_ = loadImage(game.renderer.get(), "resources/pointer.bmp");
+
+  std::unique_ptr<HighscoreList> lhl = HighscoreList::GetLocalHighscores();
+
+  surface_ptr list_s = lhl->render();
+  SDL_Color fontColor = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+  font_ptr font = loadFont(40);
+  surface_ptr title = surface_ptr(
+      TTF_RenderText_Blended(font.get(), "Highscore List", fontColor));
+  SDL_Rect tSpace = {240 - (title->w / 2), 0, title->w, title->h};
+  SDL_BlitSurface(title.get(), NULL, list_s.get(), &tSpace);
+
+  surface_ptr options_s = surface_ptr(SDL_LoadBMP("resources/hlo_rtm.bmp"));
+  SDL_Rect oSpace = {0, 440, options_s->w, options_s->h};
+  SDL_BlitSurface(options_s.get(), NULL, list_s.get(), &oSpace);
+
+  list_ = texture_ptr(
+      SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(game.renderer.get(), list_s.get()));
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<State> DisplayLocalHighscoreListState::operator()(Game& game) {
+  SDL_Event e;
+
+  SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(game.renderer.get(), 255, 255, 255, 255);
+  SDL_RenderClear(game.renderer.get());
+  SDL_RenderCopy(game.renderer.get(), list_.get(), NULL, NULL);
+  applyTexture(game.renderer.get(), pointer_.get(), 137, 449);
+  SDL_RenderPresent(game.renderer.get());
+
+  while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
+    if (e.type == SDL_QUIT) {
+      game.should_quit = true;
+      break;
+    } else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
+      if (e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RETURN) {
+        return std::make_unique<TitleState>(game);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+DisplayAndReturnLocalHighscoreListState::
+    DisplayAndReturnLocalHighscoreListState(Game& game) {
+  pointer_ = loadImage(game.renderer.get(), "resources/pointer.bmp");
+
+  std::unique_ptr<HighscoreList> lhl = HighscoreList::GetLocalHighscores();
+  surface_ptr list_s = lhl->render();
+  SDL_Color fontColor = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+  font_ptr font = loadFont(40);
+  surface_ptr title = surface_ptr(
+      TTF_RenderText_Blended(font.get(), "Highscore List", fontColor));
+  SDL_Rect tSpace = {240 - (title->w / 2), 0, title->w, title->h};
+  SDL_BlitSurface(title.get(), NULL, list_s.get(), &tSpace);
+
+  surface_ptr options_s = surface_ptr(SDL_LoadBMP("resources/hlo_paartm.bmp"));
+  SDL_Rect oSpace = {0, 440, options_s->w, options_s->h};
+  SDL_BlitSurface(options_s.get(), NULL, list_s.get(), &oSpace);
+
+  list_ = texture_ptr(
+      SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(game.renderer.get(), list_s.get()));
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<State> DisplayAndReturnLocalHighscoreListState::operator()(
+    Game& game) {
+  SDL_Event e;
+
+  SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(game.renderer.get(), 255, 255, 255, 255);
+  SDL_RenderClear(game.renderer.get());
+  SDL_RenderCopy(game.renderer.get(), list_.get(), NULL, NULL);
+  applyTexture(game.renderer.get(), pointer_.get(), selection_ == 0 ? 52 : 225,
+               447);
+  SDL_RenderPresent(game.renderer.get());
+
+  while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
+    if (e.type == SDL_QUIT) {
+      game.should_quit = true;
+      break;
+    } else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
+      if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_LEFT) && (selection_ != 0)) {
+        selection_--;
+      } else if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RIGHT) && (selection_ != 1)) {
+        selection_++;
+      } else if (e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RETURN) {
+        switch (selection_) {
+          case 0:
+            return std::make_unique<GameState>();
+          case 1:
+            return std::make_unique<TitleState>(game);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+EnterHighscoreState::EnterHighscoreState(Game& game, int level)
+    : level_(level) {
+  pointer_ = loadImage(game.renderer.get(), "resources/pointer.bmp");
+
+  // Render highscore list
+  std::unique_ptr<HighscoreList> lhl = HighscoreList::GetLocalHighscores();
+  newpos_ = lhl->addHighscore(Highscore("", level_));
+
+  surface_ptr list_s = lhl->render();
+
+  SDL_Color fontColor = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+  font_ptr bigfont = loadFont(40);
+  surface_ptr title = surface_ptr(
+      TTF_RenderText_Blended(bigfont.get(), "New Highscore!", fontColor));
+  SDL_Rect tSpace = {240 - (title->w / 2), 0, title->w, title->h};
+  SDL_BlitSurface(title.get(), NULL, list_s.get(), &tSpace);
+
+  font_ptr font = loadFont(25);
+  surface_ptr text = surface_ptr(
+      TTF_RenderText_Blended(font.get(), "Enter Your Name", fontColor));
+  SDL_Rect oSpace = {240 - (text->w / 2), 440, text->w, text->h};
+  SDL_BlitSurface(text.get(), NULL, list_s.get(), &oSpace);
+
+  list_ = texture_ptr(
+      SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(game.renderer.get(), list_s.get()));
+
+  int posw, posh;
+  std::ostringstream posstr;
+  posstr << newpos_ << ":";
+  std::string pos = posstr.str();
+
+  surface_ptr newName_s =
+      surface_ptr(TTF_RenderText_Blended(font.get(), " ", fontColor));
+  TTF_SizeText(bigfont.get(), pos.c_str(), &posw, &posh);
+  rntSpace_.x = posw;
+  rntSpace_.y = newpos_ * 40 + ((posh / 2) - (newName_s->h / 2));
+  rntSpace_.w = newName_s->w;
+  rntSpace_.h = newName_s->h;
+  newName_ = texture_ptr(
+      SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(game.renderer.get(), newName_s.get()));
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<State> EnterHighscoreState::operator()(Game& game) {
+  SDL_Event e;
+
+  SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(game.renderer.get(), 255, 255, 255, 255);
+  SDL_RenderClear(game.renderer.get());
+
+  SDL_Rect eSpace = {0, newpos_ * 40, 480, 40};
+  SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(game.renderer.get(), 255, 255, 0, 255);
+  SDL_RenderFillRect(game.renderer.get(), &eSpace);
+
+  SDL_RenderCopy(game.renderer.get(), list_.get(), NULL, NULL);
+  SDL_RenderCopy(game.renderer.get(), newName_.get(), NULL, &rntSpace_);
+
+  SDL_RenderPresent(game.renderer.get());
+
+  while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
+    if (e.type == SDL_QUIT) {
+      game.should_quit = true;
+      break;
+    } else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
+      if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_BACKSPACE) && (lp_ > 0)) {
+        --lp_;
+        hsname_.pop_back();
+
+        SDL_Color fontColor = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+        std::ostringstream name;
+        name << " " << hsname_;
+
+        font_ptr font = loadFont(25);
+        surface_ptr newName_s = surface_ptr(
+            TTF_RenderText_Blended(font.get(), name.str().c_str(), fontColor));
+        rntSpace_.w = newName_s->w;
+        rntSpace_.h = newName_s->h;
+        newName_ = texture_ptr(
+            SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(game.renderer.get(), newName_s.get()));
+      } else if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RETURN) && !hsname_.empty()) {
+        std::unique_ptr<HighscoreList> lhl =
+            HighscoreList::GetLocalHighscores();
+        Highscore h2(hsname_, level_);
+        lhl->addHighscore(h2);
+        lhl->writeToFile();
+
+        return std::make_unique<NewHighscoreState>(game, h2);
+      }
+    } else if (e.type == SDL_TEXTINPUT) {
+      if (((*e.text.text & 0xFF80) == 0) &&
+          (*e.text.text >= 32 && *e.text.text < 127) && (lp_ < 25)) {
+        lp_++;
+        hsname_.push_back(*e.text.text & 0x7f);
+
+        SDL_Color fontColor = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+        std::ostringstream name;
+        name << " " << hsname_;
+
+        font_ptr font = loadFont(25);
+        surface_ptr newName_s = surface_ptr(
+            TTF_RenderText_Blended(font.get(), name.str().c_str(), fontColor));
+        rntSpace_.w = newName_s->w;
+        rntSpace_.h = newName_s->h;
+        newName_ = texture_ptr(
+            SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(game.renderer.get(), newName_s.get()));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+NewHighscoreState::NewHighscoreState(Game& game, Highscore h) : h_(h) {
+  pointer_ = loadImage(game.renderer.get(), "resources/pointer.bmp");
+
+  // Render highscore list
+  std::unique_ptr<HighscoreList> lhl = HighscoreList::GetLocalHighscores();
+  surface_ptr list_s = lhl->render();
+
+  SDL_Color fontColor = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+  font_ptr bigfont = loadFont(40);
+  surface_ptr title = surface_ptr(
+      TTF_RenderText_Blended(bigfont.get(), "New Highscore!", fontColor));
+  SDL_Rect tSpace = {240 - (title->w / 2), 0, title->w, title->h};
+  SDL_BlitSurface(title.get(), NULL, list_s.get(), &tSpace);
+
+  surface_ptr options_s = surface_ptr(SDL_LoadBMP("resources/hlo_paartm.bmp"));
+  SDL_Rect oSpace = {0, 440, options_s->w, options_s->h};
+  SDL_BlitSurface(options_s.get(), NULL, list_s.get(), &oSpace);
+
+  list_ = texture_ptr(
+      SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(game.renderer.get(), list_s.get()));
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<State> NewHighscoreState::operator()(Game& game) {
+  SDL_Event e;
+
+  SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(game.renderer.get(), 255, 255, 255, 255);
+  SDL_RenderClear(game.renderer.get());
+
+  SDL_Rect eSpace = {0, h_.getRank() * 40, 480, 40};
+  SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(game.renderer.get(), 255, 255, 0, 255);
+  SDL_RenderFillRect(game.renderer.get(), &eSpace);
+
+  SDL_RenderCopy(game.renderer.get(), list_.get(), NULL, NULL);
+  applyTexture(game.renderer.get(), pointer_.get(), selection_ == 0 ? 52 : 225,
+               447);
+  SDL_RenderPresent(game.renderer.get());
+
+  while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
+    if (e.type == SDL_QUIT) {
+      game.should_quit = true;
+      break;
+    } else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
+      if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_LEFT) && (selection_ != 0)) {
+        selection_--;
+      } else if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RIGHT) && (selection_ != 1)) {
+        selection_++;
+      } else if (e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RETURN) {
+        switch (selection_) {
+          case 0:
+            return std::make_unique<GameState>();
+          case 1:
+            return std::make_unique<TitleState>(game);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return nullptr;
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#ifndef HS_STATE_H_C824D037
+#define HS_STATE_H_C824D037
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include "hslist.h"
+#include "mazeoflife.h"
+#include "sdl.h"
+#include "state.h"
+
+class DisplayLocalHighscoreListState : public State {
+ public:
+  explicit DisplayLocalHighscoreListState(Game& game);
+
+  std::unique_ptr<State> operator()(Game& game);
+
+ private:
+  texture_ptr list_;
+  texture_ptr pointer_;
+};
+
+class DisplayAndReturnLocalHighscoreListState : public State {
+ public:
+  explicit DisplayAndReturnLocalHighscoreListState(Game& game);
+
+  std::unique_ptr<State> operator()(Game& game);
+
+ private:
+  texture_ptr list_;
+  texture_ptr pointer_;
+  int selection_ = 0;
+};
+
+class EnterHighscoreState : public State {
+ public:
+  EnterHighscoreState(Game& game, int level);
+
+  std::unique_ptr<State> operator()(Game& game);
+
+ private:
+  int level_;
+  int lp_ = 0;
+  std::string hsname_;
+  texture_ptr newName_;
+  texture_ptr pointer_;
+  texture_ptr list_;
+  SDL_Rect rntSpace_;
+  int newpos_;
+};
+
+class NewHighscoreState : public State {
+ public:
+  NewHighscoreState(Game& game, Highscore h);
+
+  std::unique_ptr<State> operator()(Game& game);
+
+ private:
+  Highscore h_;
+  texture_ptr pointer_;
+  texture_ptr list_;
+  int selection_ = 0;
+};
+
+#endif /* end of include guard: HS_STATE_H_C824D037 */
@@ -5,946 +5,123 @@
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <fstream>
+#include <memory>
 #include <sstream>
 
 #include "gamestate.h"
 #include "titlestate.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
-// We want to be able to sort Highscore objects in descending score order
-struct hslist_comp {
-  bool operator()(Highscore* lhs, Highscore* rhs) const {
-    return (lhs->getLevel() > rhs->getLevel());
-  }
-} hslist_comp_i;
+HighscoreList::HighscoreList(std::vector<Highscore> hslist) : hslist_(hslist) {
+  resetRanks();
+}
 
-// resetRanks : sets the rank of all Highscore objects in a hslist_t to their
-// (one-based) index in the list
-void resetRanks(hslist_t in) {
+void HighscoreList::resetRanks() {
   int i = 1;
-  for (hslist_t::iterator it = in.begin(); it != in.end(); ++it, ++i) {
-    ((Highscore*)*it)->setRank(i);
+  for (Highscore& hs : hslist_) {
+    hs.setRank(i++);
   }
 }
 
-SDL_Surface* HighscoreList::render() {
-  SDL_Surface* tmp = SDL_CreateRGBSurface(0, 480, 480, 32, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+surface_ptr HighscoreList::render() {
+  surface_ptr tmp =
+      surface_ptr(SDL_CreateRGBSurface(0, 480, 480, 32, 0, 0, 0, 0));
   Uint32 bgColor = SDL_MapRGB(tmp->format, 255, 255, 255);
-  SDL_FillRect(tmp, NULL, bgColor);
-  SDL_SetColorKey(tmp, SDL_TRUE, bgColor);
-  TTF_Font* posFont = loadFont(40);
-  TTF_Font* dataFont = loadFont(25);
+  SDL_FillRect(tmp.get(), NULL, bgColor);
+  SDL_SetColorKey(tmp.get(), SDL_TRUE, bgColor);
+  font_ptr posFont = loadFont(40);
+  font_ptr dataFont = loadFont(25);
   SDL_Color fontColor = {0, 0, 0, 0};
 
-  int i = 0;
-  for (hslist_t::iterator it = hslist.begin(); it != hslist.end(); ++it, ++i) {
-    Highscore* h = *it;
-
+  for (const Highscore& h : hslist_) {
     int posw, posh;
-    char pos[4];  // 2 max characters in rank plus the colon at the end, plus
-                  // terminator
-    sprintf(pos, "%d:", h->getRank());
-    TTF_SizeText(posFont, pos, &posw, &posh);
-    SDL_Rect posSpace = {0, (i + 1) * 40, posw, posh};
-    SDL_BlitSurface(TTF_RenderText_Blended(posFont, pos, fontColor), NULL, tmp,
-                    &posSpace);
+
+    std::ostringstream posstr;
+    posstr << h.getRank() << ":";
+
+    std::string pos = posstr.str();
+    TTF_SizeText(posFont.get(), pos.c_str(), &posw, &posh);
+    SDL_Rect posSpace = {0, h.getRank() * 40, posw, posh};
+    SDL_BlitSurface(
+        TTF_RenderText_Blended(posFont.get(), pos.c_str(), fontColor), NULL,
+        tmp.get(), &posSpace);
+
+    std::ostringstream namestr;
+    namestr << " " << h.getName();
 
     int namew, nameh;
-    char name[27];  // 25 max characters in username plus the space at the
-                    // beginning, plus terminator
-    sprintf(name, " %s", h->getName());
-    TTF_SizeText(dataFont, name, &namew, &nameh);
-    SDL_Rect nameSpace = {posw, (i + 1) * 40 + ((posh / 2) - (nameh / 2)),
+    std::string name = namestr.str();
+    TTF_SizeText(dataFont.get(), name.c_str(), &namew, &nameh);
+    SDL_Rect nameSpace = {posw, h.getRank() * 40 + ((posh / 2) - (nameh / 2)),
                           namew, nameh};
-    SDL_BlitSurface(TTF_RenderText_Blended(dataFont, name, fontColor), NULL,
-                    tmp, &nameSpace);
+    SDL_BlitSurface(
+        TTF_RenderText_Blended(dataFont.get(), name.c_str(), fontColor), NULL,
+        tmp.get(), &nameSpace);
 
     int lvlw, lvlh;
-    char lvl[11];  // 10 max characters in level (based off the fact that 2^32-1
-                   // is 10 characters long, and is the highest int), plus
-                   // terminator
-    sprintf(lvl, "%d", h->getLevel());
-    TTF_SizeText(dataFont, lvl, &lvlw, &lvlh);
-    SDL_Rect lvlSpace = {480 - lvlw, (i + 1) * 40 + ((posh / 2) - (nameh / 2)),
-                         lvlw, lvlh};
-    SDL_BlitSurface(TTF_RenderText_Blended(dataFont, lvl, fontColor), NULL, tmp,
-                    &lvlSpace);
+    std::string lvl = std::to_string(h.getLevel());
+    TTF_SizeText(dataFont.get(), lvl.c_str(), &lvlw, &lvlh);
+    SDL_Rect lvlSpace = {
+        480 - lvlw, h.getRank() * 40 + ((posh / 2) - (nameh / 2)), lvlw, lvlh};
+    SDL_BlitSurface(
+        TTF_RenderText_Blended(dataFont.get(), lvl.c_str(), fontColor), NULL,
+        tmp.get(), &lvlSpace);
   }
 
   return tmp;
 }
 
-hslist_t HighscoreList::getLocalHighscores() {
-  hslist_t temp;
+std::unique_ptr<HighscoreList> HighscoreList::GetLocalHighscores() {
+  std::vector<Highscore> hslist;
 
-  std::ifstream exists(getDataFile());
-  if (exists) {
-    FILE* hslist = fopen(getDataFile(), "r");
-    int scores;
-    fscanf(hslist, "%d%*c", &scores);
+  std::ifstream hsstream(getDataFile());
+  if (hsstream) {
+    int num_scores = 0;
+    hsstream >> num_scores;
 
-    for (int i = 0; i < scores; i++) {
-      int namelen;
-      char namelens[4];
-      char* name = (char*)calloc(25, sizeof(char));
+    for (int i = 0; i < num_scores; i++) {
+      std::string name;
       int score;
 
-      fscanf(hslist, "%d", &namelen);
-      sprintf(namelens, "%%%dc", namelen);
-      fscanf(hslist, namelens, name);
-      fscanf(hslist, "%d%*c", &score);
-
-      Highscore* h = new Highscore(name, score);
-      h->setRank(i + 1);
+      hsstream >> name;
+      hsstream >> score;
 
-      temp.push_back(h);
+      hslist.emplace_back(name, score);
     }
-
-    fclose(hslist);
   }
 
-  return temp;
+  return std::unique_ptr<HighscoreList>(new HighscoreList(hslist));
 }
 
-hslist_t HighscoreList::getGlobalHighscores() {
-  IPaddress ipaddress;
-
-  if (SDLNet_ResolveHost(&ipaddress, "other.fourisland.com", 80) == -1) {
-    printf("Could not resolve host \"other.fourisland.com\": %s\n",
-           SDLNet_GetError());
-    throw 1;
-  }
-
-  TCPsocket tcpsock = SDLNet_TCP_Open(&ipaddress);
-  if (!tcpsock) {
-    printf("Could not connect to host \"other.fourisland.com\": %s\n",
-           SDLNet_GetError());
-    throw 2;
-  }
-
-  const char* headers =
-      "GET /mol/hslist.php HTTP/1.1\nHost: other.fourisland.com\nUser-Agent: "
-      "Maze Of Life v3.0\nAccept: text/plain\nKeep-Alive: 300\nConnection: "
-      "keep-alive\n\n";
-  if (SDLNet_TCP_Send(tcpsock, headers, strlen(headers) + 1) <
-      strlen(headers)) {
-    printf("Connection closed by peer: %s\n", SDLNet_GetError());
-    throw 3;
-  }
-
-  std::stringstream download(std::stringstream::in | std::stringstream::out);
-  char hslist[1024];
-  SDLNet_TCP_Recv(tcpsock, hslist, 1024);
-  download << hslist;
-  SDLNet_TCP_Close(tcpsock);
-
-  char temps[256];
-  download.getline(temps, 256);
-  while (strlen(temps) != 1) {
-    download.getline(temps, 256);
-  }
-
-  hslist_t temp;
-  int scores;
-  download.getline(temps, 256);
-  if (sscanf(temps, "%d%*c", &scores) != 1) {
-    printf("Recieved data is of an invalid format: %s\n", temps);
-    throw 4;
-  }
-
-  for (int i = 0; i < scores; i++) {
-    int namelen;
-    char namelens[13];
-    char* name = (char*)calloc(25, sizeof(char));
-    int score;
-    download.getline(temps, 256);
-
-    if (sscanf(temps, "%d", &namelen) != 1) {
-      printf("Recieved data is of an invalid format (1-%d): %s\n", i, temps);
-      throw 4;
-    }
-
-    sprintf(namelens, "%%*d%%%dc", namelen);
-
-    if (sscanf(temps, namelens, name) != 1) {
-      printf("Recieved data is of an invalid format (2-%d): %s\n", i, temps);
-      throw 4;
-    }
-
-    sprintf(namelens, "%%*d%%*%dc%%d", namelen);
-
-    if (sscanf(temps, namelens, &score) != 1) {
-      printf("Recieved data is of an invalid format (3-%d): %s\n", i, temps);
-      throw 4;
-    }
-
-    Highscore* h = new Highscore(name, score);
-    h->setRank(i + 1);
-
-    temp.push_back(h);
-  }
-
-  return temp;
-}
-
-LocalHighscoreList::LocalHighscoreList() {
-  this->hslist = getLocalHighscores();
-}
-
-int LocalHighscoreList::addHighscore(Highscore* h) {
-  hslist.push_back(h);
-  std::sort(hslist.begin(), hslist.end(), hslist_comp_i);
-  resetRanks(hslist);
-
-  if (hslist.size() > 10) {
-    hslist.resize(10);
-  }
-
-  return h->getRank();
-}
-
-void LocalHighscoreList::writeHighscores() {
-  FILE* hsfile = fopen(getDataFile(), "w");
-  fprintf(hsfile, "%d ", (int)this->hslist.size());
-
-  for (hslist_t::iterator it = hslist.begin(); it != this->hslist.end(); it++) {
-    Highscore* h = *it;
-
-    fprintf(hsfile, "%d%s%d ", (int)strlen(h->getName()), h->getName(),
-            h->getLevel());
-  }
-
-  fclose(hsfile);
-}
-
-GlobalHighscoreList::GlobalHighscoreList() {
-  fail = false;
-
-  try {
-    this->hslist = getGlobalHighscores();
-  } catch (int e) {
-    fail = true;
-  }
-}
-
-GlobalHighscoreList::GlobalHighscoreList(Highscore* h) {
-  fail = false;
-
-  try {
-    IPaddress ipaddress;
-
-    if (SDLNet_ResolveHost(&ipaddress, "other.fourisland.com", 80) == -1) {
-      printf("Could not resolve host \"other.fourisland.com\": %s\n",
-             SDLNet_GetError());
-      throw 1;
-    }
-
-    TCPsocket tcpsock = SDLNet_TCP_Open(&ipaddress);
-    if (!tcpsock) {
-      printf("Could not connect to host \"other.fourisland.com\": %s\n",
-             SDLNet_GetError());
-      throw 2;
-    }
-
-    char body[256];
-    sprintf(body, "name=%s&level=%d", h->getName(), h->getLevel());
-    char headers[256];
-    sprintf(
-        headers,
-        "POST /mol/hslist.php?add HTTP/1.1\nHost: "
-        "other.fourisland.com\nUser-Agent: Maze Of Life v2.0\nAccept: "
-        "text/plain\nKeep-Alive: 300\nConnection: keep-alive\nContent-Type: "
-        "application/x-www-form-urlencoded\nContent-Length: %d\n\n%s\n",
-        (int)strlen(body), body);
-    if (SDLNet_TCP_Send(tcpsock, headers, strlen(headers) + 1) <
-        strlen(headers)) {
-      printf("Connection closed by peer: %s\n", SDLNet_GetError());
-      throw 3;
-    }
-
-    std::stringstream download(std::stringstream::in | std::stringstream::out);
-    char hslist[1024];
-    SDLNet_TCP_Recv(tcpsock, hslist, 1024);
-    download << hslist;
-    SDLNet_TCP_Close(tcpsock);
-
-    char temps[256];
-    download.getline(temps, 256);
-    while (strlen(temps) != 1) {
-      download.getline(temps, 256);
-    }
-
-    int rank;
-    download.getline(temps, 256);
-    if (sscanf(temps, "%d%*c", &rank) != 1) {
-      printf("Recieved data is of an invalid format: %s\n", temps);
-      throw 4;
-    }
-
-    this->hslist = getGlobalHighscores();
-
-    if (this->hslist.empty()) {
-      printf(
-          "Global Highscore List cannot be empty after adding a score to "
-          "it.\n");
-      throw 5;
-    }
-
-    if (rank > 10) {
-      h->setRank(rank);
-
-      this->hslist[9] = h;
-    } else {
-      this->hslist.push_back(h);
-      std::sort(this->hslist.begin(), this->hslist.end(), hslist_comp_i);
-      resetRanks(this->hslist);
-
-      if (this->hslist.size() > 10) {
-        this->hslist.resize(10);
-      }
-    }
-  } catch (int e) {
-    fail = true;
-  }
-}
-
-SDL_Surface* GlobalHighscoreList::render() {
-  if (fail) {
-    SDL_Surface* tmp = SDL_CreateRGBSurface(0, 480, 480, 32, 0, 0, 0, 0);
-    Uint32 bgColor = SDL_MapRGB(tmp->format, 255, 255, 255);
-    SDL_FillRect(tmp, NULL, bgColor);
-    SDL_SetColorKey(tmp, SDL_TRUE, bgColor);
-    TTF_Font* dataFont = loadFont(25);
-    SDL_Color fontColor = {0, 0, 0, 0};
-    SDL_Surface* text = TTF_RenderText_Blended(
-        dataFont, "Error retrieving highscores", fontColor);
-    SDL_Rect tSpace = {240 - (text->w / 2), 240 - (text->h / 2), text->w,
-                       text->h};
-    SDL_BlitSurface(text, NULL, tmp, &tSpace);
-
-    return tmp;
-  } else {
-    return super::render();
-  }
-}
-
-bool GlobalHighscoreList::didFail() { return fail; }
-
-State* ChooseHighscoreListState::operator()(SDL_Window* window,
-                                            SDL_Renderer* renderer) {
-  SDL_Texture* background = loadImage(renderer, "resources/chl.bmp");
-  SDL_Texture* pointer = loadImage(renderer, "resources/pointer.bmp");
-  int selection = 0;
-  SDL_Event e;
-
-  for (;;) {
-    SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
-    SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, background, NULL, NULL);
-    applyTexture(renderer, pointer, 127,
-                 selection == 0 ? 306 : (selection == 1 ? 336 : 396));
-    SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
-
-    while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
-      if (e.type == SDL_QUIT) {
-        return NULL;
-      } else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
-        if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_UP) && (selection != 0)) {
-          selection--;
-        } else if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_DOWN) && (selection != 2)) {
-          selection++;
-        } else if (e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RETURN) {
-          switch (selection) {
-            case 0:
-              return new DisplayLocalHighscoreListState();
-            case 1:
-              return new DisplayGlobalHighscoreListState();
-            case 2:
-              return new TitleState();
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-State* DisplayLocalHighscoreListState::operator()(SDL_Window* window,
-                                                  SDL_Renderer* renderer) {
-  SDL_Texture* pointer = loadImage(renderer, "resources/pointer.bmp");
-
-  LocalHighscoreList* lhl = new LocalHighscoreList();
-  SDL_Surface* list_s = lhl->render();
-  SDL_Color fontColor = {0, 0, 0, 0};
-  SDL_Surface* title =
-      TTF_RenderText_Blended(loadFont(40), "Highscore List", fontColor);
-  SDL_Rect tSpace = {240 - (title->w / 2), 0, title->w, title->h};
-  SDL_BlitSurface(title, NULL, list_s, &tSpace);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(title);
-
-  SDL_Surface* options_s = SDL_LoadBMP("resources/hlo_rtm.bmp");
-  SDL_Rect oSpace = {0, 440, options_s->w, options_s->h};
-  SDL_BlitSurface(options_s, NULL, list_s, &oSpace);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(options_s);
-
-  SDL_Texture* list = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(renderer, list_s);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(list_s);
-
-  SDL_Event e;
-
-  for (;;) {
-    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 255, 255, 255, 255);
-    SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
-    SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, list, NULL, NULL);
-    applyTexture(renderer, pointer, 137, 449);
-    SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
-
-    while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
-      if (e.type == SDL_QUIT) {
-        return NULL;
-      } else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
-        if (e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RETURN) {
-          return new ChooseHighscoreListState();
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-State* DisplayAndReturnLocalHighscoreListState::operator()(
-    SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer) {
-  SDL_Texture* pointer = loadImage(renderer, "resources/pointer.bmp");
-
-  LocalHighscoreList* lhl = new LocalHighscoreList();
-  SDL_Surface* list_s = lhl->render();
-  SDL_Color fontColor = {0, 0, 0, 0};
-  SDL_Surface* title =
-      TTF_RenderText_Blended(loadFont(40), "Highscore List", fontColor);
-  SDL_Rect tSpace = {240 - (title->w / 2), 0, title->w, title->h};
-  SDL_BlitSurface(title, NULL, list_s, &tSpace);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(title);
-
-  SDL_Surface* options_s = SDL_LoadBMP("resources/hlo_paartm.bmp");
-  SDL_Rect oSpace = {0, 440, options_s->w, options_s->h};
-  SDL_BlitSurface(options_s, NULL, list_s, &oSpace);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(options_s);
-
-  SDL_Texture* list = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(renderer, list_s);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(list_s);
-
-  int selection = 0;
-  SDL_Event e;
-
-  for (;;) {
-    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 255, 255, 255, 255);
-    SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
-    SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, list, NULL, NULL);
-    applyTexture(renderer, pointer, selection == 0 ? 52 : 225, 447);
-    SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
-
-    while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
-      if (e.type == SDL_QUIT) {
-        return NULL;
-      } else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
-        if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_LEFT) && (selection != 0)) {
-          selection--;
-        } else if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RIGHT) && (selection != 1)) {
-          selection++;
-        } else if (e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RETURN) {
-          switch (selection) {
-            case 0:
-              return new GameState();
-            case 1:
-              return new TitleState();
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-State* DisplayGlobalHighscoreListState::operator()(SDL_Window* window,
-                                                   SDL_Renderer* renderer) {
-  SDL_Texture* pointer = loadImage(renderer, "resources/pointer.bmp");
-
-  // Display loading message
-  SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 255, 255, 255, 255);
-  SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
-
-  SDL_Surface* list_s = SDL_CreateRGBSurface(0, 480, 480, 32, 0, 0, 0, 0);
-  Uint32 bgColor = SDL_MapRGB(list_s->format, 255, 255, 255);
-  SDL_FillRect(list_s, NULL, bgColor);
-  SDL_SetColorKey(list_s, SDL_TRUE, bgColor);
-  TTF_Font* dataFont = loadFont(25);
-  SDL_Color fontColor = {0, 0, 0, 0};
-  SDL_Surface* text =
-      TTF_RenderText_Blended(dataFont, "Fetching highscores....", fontColor);
-  SDL_Rect aSpace = {240 - (text->w / 2), 240 - (text->h / 2), text->w,
-                     text->h};
-  SDL_BlitSurface(text, NULL, list_s, &aSpace);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(text);
-
-  SDL_Surface* title =
-      TTF_RenderText_Blended(loadFont(40), "Highscore List", fontColor);
-  SDL_Rect tSpace = {240 - (title->w / 2), 0, title->w, title->h};
-  SDL_BlitSurface(title, NULL, list_s, &tSpace);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(title);
-
-  SDL_Surface* options_s = SDL_LoadBMP("resources/hlo_rtm.bmp");
-  SDL_Rect oSpace = {0, 440, options_s->w, options_s->h};
-  SDL_BlitSurface(options_s, NULL, list_s, &oSpace);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(options_s);
-
-  list = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(renderer, list_s);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(list_s);
-
-  m = SDL_CreateMutex();
-
-  // Start downloading scores
-  SDL_CreateThread(&LoadHighscoreList, "LoadHighscoreList", this);
-
-  // Parse keyboard events
-  SDL_Event e;
-
-  for (;;) {
-    if (SDL_LockMutex(m) == 0) {
-      if (lhl != NULL) {
-        SDL_Surface* list_s = lhl->render();
-
-        SDL_Color fontColor = {0, 0, 0, 0};
-        SDL_Surface* title =
-            TTF_RenderText_Blended(loadFont(40), "Highscore List", fontColor);
-        SDL_Rect tSpace = {240 - (title->w / 2), 0, title->w, title->h};
-        SDL_BlitSurface(title, NULL, list_s, &tSpace);
-        SDL_FreeSurface(title);
-
-        SDL_Surface* options_s = SDL_LoadBMP("resources/hlo_rtm.bmp");
-        SDL_Rect oSpace = {0, 440, options_s->w, options_s->h};
-        SDL_BlitSurface(options_s, NULL, list_s, &oSpace);
-        SDL_FreeSurface(options_s);
-
-        list = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(renderer, list_s);
-        SDL_FreeSurface(list_s);
-
-        lhl = NULL;
-      }
-
-      SDL_UnlockMutex(m);
-    }
-
-    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 255, 255, 255, 255);
-    SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
-    SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, list, NULL, NULL);
-    applyTexture(renderer, pointer, 137, 449);
-    SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
-
-    while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
-      if (e.type == SDL_QUIT) {
-        SDL_DestroyMutex(m);
-
-        return NULL;
-      } else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
-        if (e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RETURN) {
-          SDL_DestroyMutex(m);
-
-          return new ChooseHighscoreListState();
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-int DisplayGlobalHighscoreListState::LoadHighscoreList(void* pParam) {
-  DisplayGlobalHighscoreListState* parent =
-      ((DisplayGlobalHighscoreListState*)pParam);
-  if (SDL_LockMutex(parent->m) == 0) {
-    parent->lhl = new GlobalHighscoreList();
-
-    SDL_UnlockMutex(parent->m);
-  } else {
-    printf("Couldn't lock mutex: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
-  }
-}
-
-EnterHighscoreState::EnterHighscoreState(int level) { this->level = level; }
-
-State* EnterHighscoreState::operator()(SDL_Window* window,
-                                       SDL_Renderer* renderer) {
-  SDL_Texture* pointer = loadImage(renderer, "resources/pointer.bmp");
-
-  // Render highscore list
-  LocalHighscoreList* lhl = new LocalHighscoreList();
-  char* emp = new char[1];
-  emp[0] = 0;
-  Highscore* h = new Highscore(emp, level);
-  int newpos = lhl->addHighscore(h);
-
-  SDL_Surface* list_s = lhl->render();
-
-  SDL_Color fontColor = {0, 0, 0, 0};
-  SDL_Surface* title =
-      TTF_RenderText_Blended(loadFont(40), "New Highscore!", fontColor);
-  SDL_Rect tSpace = {240 - (title->w / 2), 0, title->w, title->h};
-  SDL_BlitSurface(title, NULL, list_s, &tSpace);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(title);
-
-  this->lp = 0;
-  this->hsname = (char*)calloc(25, sizeof(char));
-
-  SDL_Surface* text =
-      TTF_RenderText_Blended(loadFont(25), "Enter Your Name", fontColor);
-  SDL_Rect oSpace = {240 - (text->w / 2), 440, text->w, text->h};
-  SDL_BlitSurface(text, NULL, list_s, &oSpace);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(text);
-
-  SDL_Texture* list = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(renderer, list_s);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(list_s);
-
-  int selection = 0;
-  SDL_Event e;
-
-  int posw, posh;
-  char pos[3];  // 2 max characters in rank plus the colon at the end
-  sprintf(pos, "%d:", newpos);
-  char name[26];  // 25 max characters in username plus the space at the
-                  // beginning
-  sprintf(name, " %s", hsname);
-  SDL_Surface* newName_s =
-      TTF_RenderText_Blended(loadFont(25), name, fontColor);
-  TTF_SizeText(loadFont(40), pos, &posw, &posh);
-  SDL_Rect rntSpace;
-  rntSpace.x = posw;
-  rntSpace.y = newpos * 40 + ((posh / 2) - (newName_s->h / 2));
-  rntSpace.w = newName_s->w;
-  rntSpace.h = newName_s->h;
-  newName = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(renderer, newName_s);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(newName_s);
-
-  for (;;) {
-    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 255, 255, 255, 255);
-    SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
-
-    SDL_Rect eSpace = {0, newpos * 40, 480, 40};
-    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 255, 255, 0, 255);
-    SDL_RenderFillRect(renderer, &eSpace);
-
-    SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, list, NULL, NULL);
-    SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, newName, NULL, &rntSpace);
-
-    SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
-
-    while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
-      if (e.type == SDL_QUIT) {
-        return NULL;
-      } else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
-        if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_BACKSPACE) && (lp > 0)) {
-          hsname[--lp] = 0;
-
-          SDL_Color fontColor = {0, 0, 0, 0};
-          char name[26];  // 25 max characters in username plus the space at the
-                          // beginning
-          sprintf(name, " %s", hsname);
-          newName_s = TTF_RenderText_Blended(loadFont(25), name, fontColor);
-          rntSpace.w = newName_s->w;
-          rntSpace.h = newName_s->h;
-          newName = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(renderer, newName_s);
-          SDL_FreeSurface(newName_s);
-        } else if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RETURN) && (hsname[0] != 0)) {
-          lhl = new LocalHighscoreList();
-          Highscore* h2 = new Highscore(hsname, level);
-          lhl->addHighscore(h2);
-          lhl->writeHighscores();
-
-          return new NewHighscoreState(h2);
-        }
-      } else if (e.type == SDL_TEXTINPUT) {
-        if (((*e.text.text & 0xFF80) == 0) &&
-            (*e.text.text >= 32 && *e.text.text < 127) && (lp < 25)) {
-          hsname[lp++] = *e.text.text & 0x7f;
-          hsname[lp] = 0;
-
-          SDL_Color fontColor = {0, 0, 0, 0};
-          char name[26];  // 25 max characters in username plus the space at the
-                          // beginning
-          sprintf(name, " %s", hsname);
-          newName_s = TTF_RenderText_Blended(loadFont(25), name, fontColor);
-          rntSpace.w = newName_s->w;
-          rntSpace.h = newName_s->h;
-          newName = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(renderer, newName_s);
-          SDL_FreeSurface(newName_s);
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-NewHighscoreState::NewHighscoreState(Highscore* h) { this->h = h; }
-
-State* NewHighscoreState::operator()(SDL_Window* window,
-                                     SDL_Renderer* renderer) {
-  SDL_Texture* pointer = loadImage(renderer, "resources/pointer.bmp");
-
-  // Render highscore list
-  LocalHighscoreList* lhl = new LocalHighscoreList();
-  SDL_Surface* list_s = lhl->render();
-
-  SDL_Color fontColor = {0, 0, 0, 0};
-  SDL_Surface* title =
-      TTF_RenderText_Blended(loadFont(40), "New Highscore!", fontColor);
-  SDL_Rect tSpace = {240 - (title->w / 2), 0, title->w, title->h};
-  SDL_BlitSurface(title, NULL, list_s, &tSpace);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(title);
-
-  SDL_Surface* options_s = SDL_LoadBMP("resources/hlo_passartm.bmp");
-  SDL_Rect oSpace = {0, 440, options_s->w, options_s->h};
-  SDL_BlitSurface(options_s, NULL, list_s, &oSpace);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(options_s);
-
-  SDL_Texture* list = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(renderer, list_s);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(list_s);
-
-  int selection = 0;
-  SDL_Event e;
-
-  for (;;) {
-    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 255, 255, 255, 255);
-    SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
-
-    SDL_Rect eSpace = {0, h->getRank() * 40, 480, 40};
-    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 255, 255, 0, 255);
-    SDL_RenderFillRect(renderer, &eSpace);
-
-    SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, list, NULL, NULL);
-    applyTexture(renderer, pointer,
-                 selection == 0 ? 13 : (selection == 1 ? 138 : 284), 448);
-    SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
-
-    while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
-      if (e.type == SDL_QUIT) {
-        return NULL;
-      } else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
-        if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_LEFT) && (selection != 0)) {
-          selection--;
-        } else if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RIGHT) && (selection != 2)) {
-          selection++;
-        } else if (e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RETURN) {
-          switch (selection) {
-            case 0:
-              return new GameState();
-            case 1:
-              return new SubmitHighscoreState(h);
-            case 2:
-              return new TitleState();
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-SubmitHighscoreState::SubmitHighscoreState(Highscore* h) { this->h = h; }
-
-State* SubmitHighscoreState::operator()(SDL_Window* window,
-                                        SDL_Renderer* renderer) {
-  SDL_Surface* list_s = SDL_CreateRGBSurface(0, 480, 480, 32, 0, 0, 0, 0);
-  Uint32 bgColor = SDL_MapRGB(list_s->format, 255, 255, 255);
-  SDL_FillRect(list_s, NULL, bgColor);
-  SDL_SetColorKey(list_s, SDL_TRUE, bgColor);
-  TTF_Font* dataFont = loadFont(25);
-  SDL_Color fontColor = {0, 0, 0, 0};
-  SDL_Surface* text =
-      TTF_RenderText_Blended(dataFont, "Sending highscore....", fontColor);
-  SDL_Rect aSpace = {240 - (text->w / 2), 240 - (text->h / 2), text->w,
-                     text->h};
-  SDL_BlitSurface(text, NULL, list_s, &aSpace);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(text);
-
-  SDL_Surface* title =
-      TTF_RenderText_Blended(loadFont(40), "Highscore List", fontColor);
-  SDL_Rect tSpace = {240 - (title->w / 2), 0, title->w, title->h};
-  SDL_BlitSurface(title, NULL, list_s, &tSpace);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(title);
-
-  SDL_Texture* list = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(renderer, list_s);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(list_s);
-
-  // Start submitting score
-  m = SDL_CreateMutex();
-  SDL_CreateThread(&SubmitHighscore, "SubmitHighscore", this);
-
-  SDL_Event e;
-
-  for (;;) {
-    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 255, 255, 255, 255);
-    SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
-    SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, list, NULL, NULL);
-    SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
-
-    if (SDL_LockMutex(m) == 0) {
-      if (lhl != NULL) {
-        SDL_UnlockMutex(m);
-        SDL_DestroyMutex(m);
-
-        if (lhl->didFail()) {
-          return new FailedSubmittingHighscoreState(h);
-        } else {
-          return new SubmittedHighscoreState(lhl, h);
-        }
-      } else {
-        SDL_UnlockMutex(m);
-      }
-    }
-
-    while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
-      if (e.type == SDL_QUIT) {
-        SDL_DestroyMutex(m);
+int HighscoreList::addHighscore(Highscore h) {
+  int i = 1;
 
-        return NULL;
-      }
+  for (const Highscore& cur_h : hslist_) {
+    if (h.getLevel() > cur_h.getLevel()) {
+      break;
     }
+    i++;
   }
-}
-
-int SubmitHighscoreState::SubmitHighscore(void* pParam) {
-  SubmitHighscoreState* parent = (SubmitHighscoreState*)pParam;
-  if (SDL_LockMutex(parent->m) == 0) {
-    parent->lhl = new GlobalHighscoreList(parent->h);
-
-    SDL_UnlockMutex(parent->m);
-  } else {
-    printf("Could not lock mutex: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
-  }
-}
-
-FailedSubmittingHighscoreState::FailedSubmittingHighscoreState(Highscore* h) {
-  this->h = h;
-}
-
-State* FailedSubmittingHighscoreState::operator()(SDL_Window* window,
-                                                  SDL_Renderer* renderer) {
-  SDL_Surface* list_s = SDL_CreateRGBSurface(0, 480, 480, 32, 0, 0, 0, 0);
-  Uint32 bgColor = SDL_MapRGB(list_s->format, 255, 255, 255);
-  SDL_FillRect(list_s, NULL, bgColor);
-  SDL_SetColorKey(list_s, SDL_TRUE, bgColor);
-  TTF_Font* dataFont = loadFont(25);
-  SDL_Color fontColor = {0, 0, 0, 0};
-  SDL_Surface* text = TTF_RenderText_Blended(
-      dataFont, "Error submitting highscores", fontColor);
-  SDL_Rect tSpace = {240 - (text->w / 2), 240 - (text->h / 2), text->w,
-                     text->h};
-  SDL_BlitSurface(text, NULL, list_s, &tSpace);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(text);
-
-  SDL_Surface* title =
-      TTF_RenderText_Blended(loadFont(40), "Highscore List", fontColor);
-  SDL_Rect aSpace = {240 - (title->w / 2), 0, title->w, title->h};
-  SDL_BlitSurface(title, NULL, list_s, &aSpace);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(title);
-
-  SDL_Surface* options_s = SDL_LoadBMP("resources/hlo_passartm.bmp");
-  SDL_Rect oSpace = {0, 440, options_s->w, options_s->h};
-  SDL_BlitSurface(options_s, NULL, list_s, &oSpace);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(options_s);
-
-  SDL_Texture* list = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(renderer, list_s);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(list_s);
-
-  SDL_Texture* pointer = loadImage(renderer, "resources/pointer.bmp");
-  int selection = 0;
-  SDL_Event e;
 
-  for (;;) {
-    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 255, 255, 255, 255);
-    SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
-    SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, list, NULL, NULL);
-    applyTexture(renderer, pointer,
-                 selection == 0 ? 13 : (selection == 1 ? 138 : 284), 448);
-    SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
+  hslist_.push_back(h);
+  std::sort(hslist_.begin(), hslist_.end(),
+            [](const Highscore& lhs, const Highscore& rhs) {
+              return lhs.getLevel() > rhs.getLevel();
+            });
+  resetRanks();
 
-    while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
-      if (e.type == SDL_QUIT) {
-        return NULL;
-      } else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
-        if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_LEFT) && (selection != 0)) {
-          selection--;
-        } else if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RIGHT) && (selection != 2)) {
-          selection++;
-        } else if (e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RETURN) {
-          switch (selection) {
-            case 0:
-              return new GameState();
-            case 1:
-              return new SubmitHighscoreState(h);
-            case 2:
-              return new TitleState();
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
+  if (hslist_.size() > 10) {
+    hslist_.resize(10);
   }
-}
 
-SubmittedHighscoreState::SubmittedHighscoreState(GlobalHighscoreList* lhl,
-                                                 Highscore* h) {
-  this->lhl = lhl;
-  this->h = h;
+  return i;
 }
 
-State* SubmittedHighscoreState::operator()(SDL_Window* window,
-                                           SDL_Renderer* renderer) {
-  SDL_Surface* list_s = lhl->render();
-
-  SDL_Color fontColor = {0, 0, 0, 0};
-  SDL_Surface* title =
-      TTF_RenderText_Blended(loadFont(40), "Highscore List", fontColor);
-  SDL_Rect tSpace = {240 - (title->w / 2), 0, title->w, title->h};
-  SDL_BlitSurface(title, NULL, list_s, &tSpace);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(title);
-
-  SDL_Surface* options_s = SDL_LoadBMP("resources/hlo_paartm.bmp");
-  SDL_Rect oSpace = {0, 440, options_s->w, options_s->h};
-  SDL_BlitSurface(options_s, NULL, list_s, &oSpace);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(options_s);
-
-  SDL_Texture* list = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(renderer, list_s);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(list_s);
-
-  SDL_Texture* pointer = loadImage(renderer, "resources/pointer.bmp");
-  int selection = 0;
-  SDL_Event e;
+void HighscoreList::writeToFile() {
+  std::ofstream hsfile(getDataFile());
+  hsfile << hslist_.size() << std::endl;
 
-  int newpos = h->getRank();
-  if (newpos > 10) {
-    newpos = 10;
-  }
-
-  for (;;) {
-    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 255, 255, 255, 255);
-    SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
-
-    SDL_Rect eSpace = {0, newpos * 40, 480, 40};
-    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 255, 255, 0, 255);
-    SDL_RenderFillRect(renderer, &eSpace);
-
-    SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, list, NULL, NULL);
-    applyTexture(renderer, pointer, selection == 0 ? 52 : 225, 447);
-    SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
-
-    while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
-      if (e.type == SDL_QUIT) {
-        return NULL;
-      } else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
-        if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_LEFT) && (selection != 0)) {
-          selection--;
-        } else if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RIGHT) && (selection != 1)) {
-          selection++;
-        } else if (e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RETURN) {
-          switch (selection) {
-            case 0:
-              return new GameState();
-            case 1:
-              return new TitleState();
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
+  for (const Highscore& h : hslist_) {
+    hsfile << h.getName() << std::endl << h.getLevel() << std::endl;
   }
 }
@@ -1,130 +1,34 @@
+#ifndef HSLIST_H
+#define HSLIST_H
+
 #include <SDL.h>
 
+#include <memory>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "highscore.h"
+#include "sdl.h"
 #include "state.h"
 
-#ifndef HSLIST_H
-#define HSLIST_H
-
-typedef std::vector<Highscore*> hslist_t;
-
-void resetRanks(hslist_t in);
-
 class HighscoreList {
  public:
-  SDL_Surface* render();
-
- protected:
-  hslist_t getLocalHighscores();
-  hslist_t getGlobalHighscores();
-
-  hslist_t hslist;
-};
-
-class LocalHighscoreList : public HighscoreList {
- public:
-  LocalHighscoreList();
-  int addHighscore(Highscore* h);
-  void writeHighscores();
-};
-
-class GlobalHighscoreList : public HighscoreList {
- public:
-  GlobalHighscoreList();
-  GlobalHighscoreList(Highscore* h);
-  SDL_Surface* render();
-  bool didFail();
-
- private:
-  typedef HighscoreList super;
-
- protected:
-  bool fail;
-};
-
-class ChooseHighscoreListState : public State {
- public:
-  State* operator()(SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer);
-};
-
-class DisplayLocalHighscoreListState : public State {
- public:
-  State* operator()(SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer);
-};
-
-class DisplayAndReturnLocalHighscoreListState : public State {
- public:
-  State* operator()(SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer);
-};
-
-class DisplayGlobalHighscoreListState : public State {
- public:
-  State* operator()(SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer);
-
- protected:
-  SDL_Surface* list_s;
-  SDL_Texture* list;
-  GlobalHighscoreList* lhl;
-  SDL_mutex* m;
-
- private:
-  static int LoadHighscoreList(void* pParam);
-};
-
-class EnterHighscoreState : public State {
- public:
-  EnterHighscoreState(int level);
-  State* operator()(SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer);
-
- private:
-  int level;
-  int lp;
-  char* hsname;
-  SDL_Texture* newName;
-};
-
-class NewHighscoreState : public State {
- public:
-  NewHighscoreState(Highscore* h);
-  State* operator()(SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer);
+  static std::unique_ptr<HighscoreList> GetLocalHighscores();
+  static std::unique_ptr<HighscoreList> GetGlobalHighscores();
 
- private:
-  Highscore* h;
-};
+  surface_ptr render();
 
-class SubmitHighscoreState : public State {
- public:
-  SubmitHighscoreState(Highscore* h);
-  State* operator()(SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer);
+  const std::vector<Highscore>& getList() const { return hslist_; }
 
- protected:
-  Highscore* h;
-  SDL_mutex* m;
-  GlobalHighscoreList* lhl;
+  int addHighscore(Highscore h);
 
- private:
-  static int SubmitHighscore(void* pParam);
-};
-
-class FailedSubmittingHighscoreState : public State {
- public:
-  FailedSubmittingHighscoreState(Highscore* h);
-  State* operator()(SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer);
+  void writeToFile();
 
  private:
-  Highscore* h;
-};
+  explicit HighscoreList(std::vector<Highscore> hslist);
 
-class SubmittedHighscoreState : public State {
- public:
-  SubmittedHighscoreState(GlobalHighscoreList* lhl, Highscore* h);
-  State* operator()(SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer);
+  void resetRanks();
 
- private:
-  GlobalHighscoreList* lhl;
-  Highscore* h;
+  std::vector<Highscore> hslist_;
 };
 
 #endif
@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 #include "mazeoflife.h"
 
+#ifdef __EMSCRIPTEN__
+#include <emscripten.h>
+#endif
+
 #include <SDL.h>
 #include <SDL_net.h>
 #include <SDL_ttf.h>
@@ -7,53 +11,58 @@
 #include <cstdlib>
 #include <ctime>
 #include <iostream>
+#include <memory>
 
+#include "sdl.h"
 #include "state.h"
 #include "titlestate.h"
 
-int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
-  srand(time(NULL));
+static void main_loop(void* arg) {
+  Game& game = *static_cast<Game*>(arg);
 
-  if (SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO | SDL_INIT_TIMER) == -1) {
-    printf("Could not initialize SDL: %s.\n", SDL_GetError());
-    exit(-1);
+  std::unique_ptr<State> next_state = (*game.state)(game);
+  if (next_state) {
+    game.state = std::move(next_state);
   }
 
-  if (TTF_Init() == -1) {
-    printf("Could not initialize SDL_ttf: %s.\n", TTF_GetError());
-    exit(-1);
+  if (game.should_quit) {
+#ifdef __EMSCRIPTEN__
+    emscripten_cancel_main_loop();
+#else
+    exit(0);
+#endif
   }
+}
 
-  if (SDLNet_Init() == -1) {
-    printf("Cound not initalize SDL_net: %s.\n", SDLNet_GetError());
-    exit(-1);
-  }
+int main(int, char**) {
+  Game game;
+
+  std::random_device randomEngine;
+  game.rng = std::mt19937(randomEngine());
 
-  SDL_Window* window =
-      SDL_CreateWindow("Maze of Life", 100, 100, 480, 480, SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN);
-  if (window == NULL) {
-    std::cout << "SDL_CreateWindow Error: " << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
-    return 1;
+  game.window = window_ptr(
+      SDL_CreateWindow("Maze of Life", 100, 100, 480, 480, SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN));
+  if (!game.window) {
+    throw sdl_error();
   }
 
   SDL_Surface* icon = SDL_LoadBMP("resources/icon.bmp");
-  SDL_SetWindowIcon(window, icon);
+  SDL_SetWindowIcon(game.window.get(), icon);
 
-  SDL_Renderer* renderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(
-      window, -1, SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED | SDL_RENDERER_PRESENTVSYNC);
-  if (renderer == NULL) {
-    std::cout << "SDL_CreateRenderer Error: " << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
-    return 1;
+  game.renderer = renderer_ptr(
+      SDL_CreateRenderer(game.window.get(), -1,
+                         SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED | SDL_RENDERER_PRESENTVSYNC));
+  if (!game.renderer) {
+    throw sdl_error();
   }
 
-  State* state = new TitleState();
-  while (state != NULL) {
-    state = (*state)(window, renderer);
-  }
+  game.state = std::make_unique<TitleState>(game);
 
-  SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer);
-  SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
-  SDLNet_Quit();
-  TTF_Quit();
-  SDL_Quit();
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+#ifdef __EMSCRIPTEN__
+  emscripten_set_main_loop_arg(main_loop, &game, 0, 1);
+#else
+  for (;;) {
+    main_loop(&game);
+  }
+#endif
+}
@@ -1,7 +1,28 @@
 #ifndef MAZEOFLIFE_H
 #define MAZEOFLIFE_H
 
+#include <memory>
+#include <random>
+
+#include "sdl.h"
+#include "state.h"
+
 const int WIDTH = 30;
 const int HEIGHT = 30;
 
+struct Game {
+  std::mt19937 rng;
+
+  sdl_wrapper sdl;
+  ttf_wrapper ttf;
+  net_wrapper net;
+
+  window_ptr window;
+  renderer_ptr renderer;
+
+  std::unique_ptr<State> state;
+
+  bool should_quit = false;
+};
+
 #endif
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+#ifndef SDL_H_A2226476
+#define SDL_H_A2226476
+
+#include <SDL.h>
+#include <SDL_net.h>
+#include <SDL_ttf.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+
+class sdl_error : public std::logic_error {
+ public:
+  sdl_error() : std::logic_error(SDL_GetError()) {}
+};
+
+class ttf_error : public std::logic_error {
+ public:
+  ttf_error() : std::logic_error(TTF_GetError()) {}
+};
+
+class net_error : public std::logic_error {
+ public:
+  net_error() : std::logic_error(SDLNet_GetError()) {}
+};
+
+class sdl_wrapper {
+ public:
+  sdl_wrapper() {
+    if (SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO | SDL_INIT_TIMER) != 0) {
+      sdl_error ex;
+      SDL_Quit();
+
+      throw ex;
+    }
+  }
+
+  ~sdl_wrapper() { SDL_Quit(); }
+};
+
+class ttf_wrapper {
+ public:
+  ttf_wrapper() {
+    if (TTF_Init() == -1) {
+      ttf_error ex;
+      TTF_Quit();
+
+      throw ex;
+    }
+  }
+
+  ~ttf_wrapper() { TTF_Quit(); }
+};
+
+class net_wrapper {
+ public:
+  net_wrapper() {
+    if (SDLNet_Init() == -1) {
+      net_error ex;
+      SDLNet_Quit();
+
+      throw ex;
+    }
+  }
+
+  ~net_wrapper() { SDLNet_Quit(); }
+};
+
+class window_deleter {
+ public:
+  void operator()(SDL_Window* ptr) { SDL_DestroyWindow(ptr); }
+};
+
+using window_ptr = std::unique_ptr<SDL_Window, window_deleter>;
+
+class renderer_deleter {
+ public:
+  void operator()(SDL_Renderer* ptr) { SDL_DestroyRenderer(ptr); }
+};
+
+using renderer_ptr = std::unique_ptr<SDL_Renderer, renderer_deleter>;
+
+class surface_deleter {
+ public:
+  void operator()(SDL_Surface* ptr) { SDL_FreeSurface(ptr); }
+};
+
+using surface_ptr = std::unique_ptr<SDL_Surface, surface_deleter>;
+
+class texture_deleter {
+ public:
+  void operator()(SDL_Texture* ptr) { SDL_DestroyTexture(ptr); }
+};
+
+using texture_ptr = std::unique_ptr<SDL_Texture, texture_deleter>;
+
+class font_deleter {
+ public:
+  void operator()(TTF_Font* ptr) { TTF_CloseFont(ptr); }
+};
+
+using font_ptr = std::unique_ptr<TTF_Font, font_deleter>;
+
+#endif /* end of include guard: SDL_H_A2226476 */
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-#include <SDL.h>
-
 #ifndef STATE_H
 #define STATE_H
 
+#include <memory>
+
+class Game;
+
 class State {
  public:
-  virtual State* operator()(SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer) {
-    return NULL;
-  };
+  virtual std::unique_ptr<State> operator()(Game& game) { return {}; };
 };
 
-#endif
\ No newline at end of file
+#endif
@@ -1,116 +1,124 @@
 #include "titlestate.h"
 
 #include "gamestate.h"
-#include "hslist.h"
+#include "hs_state.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
-State* TitleState::operator()(SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer) {
-  SDL_Texture* background = loadImage(renderer, "resources/title.bmp");
-  SDL_Texture* pointer = loadImage(renderer, "resources/pointer.bmp");
-  int selection = 0;
+TitleState::TitleState(Game& game) {
+  background_ = loadImage(game.renderer.get(), "resources/title.bmp");
+  pointer_ = loadImage(game.renderer.get(), "resources/pointer.bmp");
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<State> TitleState::operator()(Game& game) {
   SDL_Event e;
 
-  for (;;) {
-    SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
-    SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, background, NULL, NULL);
-    applyTexture(renderer, pointer, 136,
-                 selection == 0
-                     ? 316
-                     : (selection == 1 ? 350 : (selection == 2 ? 381 : 417)));
-    SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
-
-    while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
-      if (e.type == SDL_QUIT) {
-        return NULL;
-      } else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
-        if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_UP) && (selection != 0)) {
-          selection--;
-        } else if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_DOWN) && (selection != 3)) {
-          selection++;
-        } else if (e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RETURN) {
-          switch (selection) {
-            case 0:
-              return new GameState();
-            case 1:
-              return new HowToPlayState();
-            case 2:
-              return new ChooseHighscoreListState();
-            case 3:
-              return NULL;
+  SDL_RenderClear(game.renderer.get());
+  SDL_RenderCopy(game.renderer.get(), background_.get(), NULL, NULL);
+  applyTexture(game.renderer.get(), pointer_.get(), 136,
+               selection_ == 0
+                   ? 316
+                   : (selection_ == 1 ? 350 : (selection_ == 2 ? 381 : 417)));
+  SDL_RenderPresent(game.renderer.get());
+
+  while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
+    if (e.type == SDL_QUIT) {
+      game.should_quit = true;
+      break;
+    } else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
+      if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_UP) && (selection_ != 0)) {
+        selection_--;
+      } else if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_DOWN) && (selection_ != 3)) {
+        selection_++;
+      } else if (e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RETURN) {
+        switch (selection_) {
+          case 0:
+            return std::make_unique<GameState>();
+          case 1:
+            return std::make_unique<HowToPlayState>(game);
+          case 2:
+            return std::make_unique<DisplayLocalHighscoreListState>(game);
+          case 3: {
+            game.should_quit = true;
+            break;
           }
         }
       }
     }
   }
+
+  return nullptr;
 }
 
-State* HowToPlayState::operator()(SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer) {
-  SDL_Texture* background = loadImage(renderer, "resources/htp1.bmp");
-  SDL_Texture* pointer = loadImage(renderer, "resources/pointer.bmp");
-  int selection = 0;
+HowToPlayState::HowToPlayState(Game& game) {
+  background_ = loadImage(game.renderer.get(), "resources/htp1.bmp");
+  pointer_ = loadImage(game.renderer.get(), "resources/pointer.bmp");
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<State> HowToPlayState::operator()(Game& game) {
   SDL_Event e;
 
-  for (;;) {
-    SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
-    SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, background, NULL, NULL);
-    applyTexture(renderer, pointer, selection == 0 ? 74 : 216, 430);
-    SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
-
-    while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
-      if (e.type == SDL_QUIT) {
-        return NULL;
-      } else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
-        if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_LEFT) && (selection != 0)) {
-          selection--;
-        } else if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RIGHT) && (selection != 1)) {
-          selection++;
-        } else if (e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RETURN) {
-          switch (selection) {
-            case 0:
-              return new HowToPlayPageTwoState();
-
-              break;
-            case 1:
-              return new TitleState();
-          }
+  SDL_RenderClear(game.renderer.get());
+  SDL_RenderCopy(game.renderer.get(), background_.get(), NULL, NULL);
+  applyTexture(game.renderer.get(), pointer_.get(), selection_ == 0 ? 74 : 216,
+               430);
+  SDL_RenderPresent(game.renderer.get());
+
+  while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
+    if (e.type == SDL_QUIT) {
+      game.should_quit = true;
+      break;
+    } else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
+      if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_LEFT) && (selection_ != 0)) {
+        selection_--;
+      } else if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RIGHT) && (selection_ != 1)) {
+        selection_++;
+      } else if (e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RETURN) {
+        switch (selection_) {
+          case 0:
+            return std::make_unique<HowToPlayPageTwoState>(game);
+          case 1:
+            return std::make_unique<TitleState>(game);
         }
       }
     }
   }
+
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+HowToPlayPageTwoState::HowToPlayPageTwoState(Game& game) {
+  background_ = loadImage(game.renderer.get(), "resources/htp2.bmp");
+  pointer_ = loadImage(game.renderer.get(), "resources/pointer.bmp");
 }
 
-State* HowToPlayPageTwoState::operator()(SDL_Window* window,
-                                         SDL_Renderer* renderer) {
-  SDL_Texture* background = loadImage(renderer, "resources/htp2.bmp");
-  SDL_Texture* pointer = loadImage(renderer, "resources/pointer.bmp");
-  int selection = 0;
+std::unique_ptr<State> HowToPlayPageTwoState::operator()(Game& game) {
   SDL_Event e;
 
-  for (;;) {
-    SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
-    SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, background, NULL, NULL);
-    applyTexture(renderer, pointer, selection == 0 ? 45 : 238, 430);
-    SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
-
-    while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
-      if (e.type == SDL_QUIT) {
-        return NULL;
-      } else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
-        if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_LEFT) && (selection != 0)) {
-          selection--;
-        } else if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RIGHT) && (selection != 1)) {
-          selection++;
-        } else if (e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RETURN) {
-          switch (selection) {
-            case 0:
-              return new HowToPlayState();
-
-              break;
-            case 1:
-              return new TitleState();
-          }
+  SDL_RenderClear(game.renderer.get());
+  SDL_RenderCopy(game.renderer.get(), background_.get(), NULL, NULL);
+  applyTexture(game.renderer.get(), pointer_.get(), selection_ == 0 ? 45 : 238,
+               430);
+  SDL_RenderPresent(game.renderer.get());
+
+  while (SDL_PollEvent(&e)) {
+    if (e.type == SDL_QUIT) {
+      game.should_quit = true;
+      break;
+    } else if (e.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
+      if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_LEFT) && (selection_ != 0)) {
+        selection_--;
+      } else if ((e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RIGHT) && (selection_ != 1)) {
+        selection_++;
+      } else if (e.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RETURN) {
+        switch (selection_) {
+          case 0:
+            return std::make_unique<HowToPlayState>(game);
+          case 1:
+            return std::make_unique<TitleState>(game);
         }
       }
     }
   }
+
+  return nullptr;
 }
@@ -1,23 +1,46 @@
-#include <SDL.h>
-
-#include "state.h"
-
 #ifndef TITLESTATE_H
 #define TITLESTATE_H
 
+#include <memory>
+
+#include "mazeoflife.h"
+#include "sdl.h"
+#include "state.h"
+
 class TitleState : public State {
  public:
-  State* operator()(SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer);
+  explicit TitleState(Game& game);
+
+  std::unique_ptr<State> operator()(Game& game);
+
+ private:
+  texture_ptr background_;
+  texture_ptr pointer_;
+  int selection_ = 0;
 };
 
 class HowToPlayState : public State {
  public:
-  State* operator()(SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer);
+  explicit HowToPlayState(Game& game);
+
+  std::unique_ptr<State> operator()(Game& game);
+
+ private:
+  texture_ptr background_;
+  texture_ptr pointer_;
+  int selection_ = 0;
 };
 
 class HowToPlayPageTwoState : public State {
  public:
-  State* operator()(SDL_Window* window, SDL_Renderer* renderer);
+  explicit HowToPlayPageTwoState(Game& game);
+
+  std::unique_ptr<State> operator()(Game& game);
+
+ private:
+  texture_ptr background_;
+  texture_ptr pointer_;
+  int selection_ = 0;
 };
 
-#endif
\ No newline at end of file
+#endif
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 #include "util.h"
 
+#include <filesystem>
 #include <iostream>
 
 #include "mazeoflife.h"
+#include "sdl.h"
 
 void wrap(int& x, int& y) {
   if (x < 0) {
@@ -18,38 +20,32 @@ void wrap(int& x, int& y) {
   }
 }
 
-TTF_Font* loadFont(int size) {
-  TTF_Font* tmpfont = TTF_OpenFont("resources/mono.ttf", size);
-
-  if (tmpfont == NULL) {
-    printf("Unable to load font: %s\n", TTF_GetError());
-    exit(1);
+font_ptr loadFont(int size) {
+  font_ptr font = font_ptr(TTF_OpenFont("resources/mono.ttf", size));
+  if (!font) {
+    throw ttf_error();
   }
 
-  return tmpfont;
+  return font;
 }
 
-const char* getDataFile() {
+std::string getDataFile() {
 #ifdef WINDOWS
   char* dir = getenv("USERPROFILE");
 #else
   char* dir = getenv("HOME");
 #endif
 
-  return (std::string(dir) + "/.molhslist").c_str();
+  return std::string(std::filesystem::path(dir) / ".molhslist");
 }
 
-SDL_Texture* loadImage(SDL_Renderer* renderer, std::string file) {
-  SDL_Surface* surface = SDL_LoadBMP(file.c_str());
-  if (surface == NULL) {
-    std::cout << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
-    return NULL;
+texture_ptr loadImage(SDL_Renderer* renderer, std::string file) {
+  surface_ptr surface = surface_ptr(SDL_LoadBMP(file.c_str()));
+  if (!surface) {
+    throw sdl_error();
   }
 
-  SDL_Texture* texture = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(renderer, surface);
-  SDL_FreeSurface(surface);
-
-  return texture;
+  return texture_ptr(SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(renderer, surface.get()));
 }
 
 void applyTexture(SDL_Renderer* renderer, SDL_Texture* tex, int x, int y) {
@@ -1,15 +1,18 @@
+#ifndef UTIL_H
+#define UTIL_H
+
 #include <SDL.h>
 #include <SDL_ttf.h>
 
+#include <memory>
 #include <string>
 
-#ifndef UTIL_H
-#define UTIL_H
+#include "sdl.h"
 
 void wrap(int& x, int& y);
-TTF_Font* loadFont(int size);
-const char* getDataFile();
-SDL_Texture* loadImage(SDL_Renderer* renderer, std::string file);
+font_ptr loadFont(int size);
+std::string getDataFile();
+texture_ptr loadImage(SDL_Renderer* renderer, std::string file);
 void applyTexture(SDL_Renderer* renderer, SDL_Texture* tex, int x, int y);
 
 #endif
\ No newline at end of file