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+/*
+ Copyright (c) 2010 Steve Oldmeadow
+ 
+ Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ 
+ The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ 
+ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ THE SOFTWARE.
+ 
+ $Id$
+ */
+
+
+
+/** 
+@file
+@b IMPORTANT
+There are 3 different ways of using CocosDenshion. Depending on which you choose you 
+will need to include different files and frameworks.
+
+@par SimpleAudioEngine
+This is recommended for basic audio requirements. If you just want to play some sound fx
+and some background music and have no interest in learning the lower level workings then
+this is the interface to use.
+
+Requirements:
+ - Firmware: OS 2.2 or greater 
+ - Files: SimpleAudioEngine.*, CocosDenshion.*
+ - Frameworks: OpenAL, AudioToolbox, AVFoundation
+ 
+@par CDAudioManager
+CDAudioManager is basically a thin wrapper around an AVAudioPlayer object used for playing
+background music and a CDSoundEngine object used for playing sound effects. It manages the
+audio session for you deals with audio session interruption. It is fairly low level and it
+is expected you have some understanding of the underlying technologies. For example, for 
+many use cases regarding background music it is expected you will work directly with the
+backgroundMusic AVAudioPlayer which is exposed as a property.
+ 
+Requirements:
+  - Firmware: OS 2.2 or greater 
+  - Files: CDAudioManager.*, CocosDenshion.*
+  - Frameworks: OpenAL, AudioToolbox, AVFoundation
+
+@par CDSoundEngine
+CDSoundEngine is a sound engine built upon OpenAL and derived from Apple's oalTouch 
+example. It can playback up to 32 sounds simultaneously with control over pitch, pan
+and gain.  It can be set up to handle audio session interruption automatically.  You 
+may decide to use CDSoundEngine directly instead of CDAudioManager or SimpleAudioEngine
+because you require OS 2.0 compatibility.
+ 
+Requirements:
+  - Firmware: OS 2.0 or greater 
+  - Files: CocosDenshion.*
+  - Frameworks: OpenAL, AudioToolbox
+ 
+*/ 
+
+#import <OpenAL/al.h>
+#import <OpenAL/alc.h>
+#import <AudioToolbox/AudioToolbox.h>
+#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
+#import "CDConfig.h"
+
+
+#if !defined(CD_DEBUG) || CD_DEBUG == 0
+#define CDLOG(...) do {} while (0)
+#define CDLOGINFO(...) do {} while (0)
+
+#elif CD_DEBUG == 1
+#define CDLOG(...) NSLog(__VA_ARGS__)
+#define CDLOGINFO(...) do {} while (0)
+
+#elif CD_DEBUG > 1
+#define CDLOG(...) NSLog(__VA_ARGS__)
+#define CDLOGINFO(...) NSLog(__VA_ARGS__)
+#endif // CD_DEBUG
+
+
+#import "CDOpenALSupport.h"
+
+//Tested source limit on 2.2.1 and 3.1.2 with up to 128 sources and appears to work. Older OS versions e.g 2.2 may support only 32
+#define CD_SOURCE_LIMIT 32 //Total number of sources we will ever want, may actually get less
+#define CD_NO_SOURCE 0xFEEDFAC //Return value indicating playback failed i.e. no source
+#define CD_IGNORE_AUDIO_SESSION 0xBEEFBEE //Used internally to indicate audio session will not be handled
+#define CD_MUTE      0xFEEDBAB //Return value indicating sound engine is muted or non functioning
+#define CD_NO_SOUND = -1;
+
+#define CD_SAMPLE_RATE_HIGH 44100
+#define CD_SAMPLE_RATE_MID  22050
+#define CD_SAMPLE_RATE_LOW  16000
+#define CD_SAMPLE_RATE_BASIC 8000
+#define CD_SAMPLE_RATE_DEFAULT 44100
+
+extern NSString * const kCDN_BadAlContext;
+extern NSString * const kCDN_AsynchLoadComplete;
+
+extern float const kCD_PitchDefault;
+extern float const kCD_PitchLowerOneOctave;
+extern float const kCD_PitchHigherOneOctave;
+extern float const kCD_PanDefault;
+extern float const kCD_PanFullLeft;
+extern float const kCD_PanFullRight;
+extern float const kCD_GainDefault;
+
+enum bufferState {
+        CD_BS_EMPTY = 0,
+        CD_BS_LOADED = 1,
+        CD_BS_FAILED = 2
+};
+
+typedef struct _sourceGroup {
+        int startIndex;
+        int currentIndex;
+        int totalSources;
+        bool enabled;
+        bool nonInterruptible;
+        int *sourceStatuses;//pointer into array of source status information
+} sourceGroup;
+
+typedef struct _bufferInfo {
+        ALuint bufferId;
+        int bufferState;
+        void* bufferData;
+        ALenum format;
+        ALsizei sizeInBytes;
+        ALsizei frequencyInHertz;
+} bufferInfo;   
+
+typedef struct _sourceInfo {
+        bool usable;
+        ALuint sourceId;
+        ALuint attachedBufferId;
+} sourceInfo;   
+
+#pragma mark CDAudioTransportProtocol
+
+@protocol CDAudioTransportProtocol <NSObject>
+/** Play the audio */
+-(BOOL) play;
+/** Pause the audio, retain resources */
+-(BOOL) pause;
+/** Stop the audio, release resources */
+-(BOOL) stop;
+/** Return playback to beginning */
+-(BOOL) rewind;
+@end
+
+#pragma mark CDAudioInterruptProtocol
+
+@protocol CDAudioInterruptProtocol <NSObject>
+/** Is audio mute */
+-(BOOL) mute;
+/** If YES then audio is silenced but not stopped, calls to start new audio will proceed but silently */
+-(void) setMute:(BOOL) muteValue;
+/** Is audio enabled */
+-(BOOL) enabled;
+/** If NO then all audio is stopped and any calls to start new audio will be ignored */
+-(void) setEnabled:(BOOL) enabledValue;
+@end
+
+#pragma mark CDUtilities
+/**
+ Collection of utilities required by CocosDenshion
+ */
+@interface CDUtilities : NSObject
+{
+}       
+
+/** Fundamentally the same as the corresponding method is CCFileUtils but added to break binding to cocos2d */
++(NSString*) fullPathFromRelativePath:(NSString*) relPath;
+
+@end
+
+
+#pragma mark CDSoundEngine
+
+/** CDSoundEngine is built upon OpenAL and works with SDK 2.0.
+ CDSoundEngine is a sound engine built upon OpenAL and derived from Apple's oalTouch 
+ example. It can playback up to 32 sounds simultaneously with control over pitch, pan
+ and gain.  It can be set up to handle audio session interruption automatically.  You 
+ may decide to use CDSoundEngine directly instead of CDAudioManager or SimpleAudioEngine
+ because you require OS 2.0 compatibility.
+ 
+ Requirements:
+ - Firmware: OS 2.0 or greater 
+ - Files: CocosDenshion.*
+ - Frameworks: OpenAL, AudioToolbox
+ 
+ @since v0.8
+ */
+@class CDSoundSource;
+@interface CDSoundEngine : NSObject <CDAudioInterruptProtocol> {
+        
+        bufferInfo              *_buffers;
+        sourceInfo              *_sources;
+        sourceGroup         *_sourceGroups;
+        ALCcontext              *context;
+        NSUInteger              _sourceGroupTotal;
+        UInt32                  _audioSessionCategory;
+        BOOL                    _handleAudioSession;
+        ALfloat                 _preMuteGain;
+        NSObject        *_mutexBufferLoad;
+        BOOL                    mute_;
+        BOOL                    enabled_;
+
+        ALenum                  lastErrorCode_;
+        BOOL                    functioning_;
+        float                   asynchLoadProgress_;
+        BOOL                    getGainWorks_;
+        
+        //For managing dynamic allocation of sources and buffers
+        int sourceTotal_;
+        int bufferTotal;
+         
+}
+
+@property (readwrite, nonatomic) ALfloat masterGain;
+@property (readonly)  ALenum lastErrorCode;//Last OpenAL error code that was generated
+@property (readonly)  BOOL functioning;//Is the sound engine functioning
+@property (readwrite) float asynchLoadProgress;
+@property (readonly)  BOOL getGainWorks;//Does getting the gain for a source work
+/** Total number of sources available */
+@property (readonly) int sourceTotal;
+/** Total number of source groups that have been defined */
+@property (readonly) NSUInteger sourceGroupTotal;
+
+/** Sets the sample rate for the audio mixer. For best performance this should match the sample rate of your audio content */
++(void) setMixerSampleRate:(Float32) sampleRate;
+
+/** Initializes the engine with a group definition and a total number of groups */
+-(id)init;
+
+/** Plays a sound in a channel group with a pitch, pan and gain. The sound could played looped or not */
+-(ALuint) playSound:(int) soundId sourceGroupId:(int)sourceGroupId pitch:(float) pitch pan:(float) pan gain:(float) gain loop:(BOOL) loop;
+
+/** Creates and returns a sound source object for the specified sound within the specified source group.
+ */
+-(CDSoundSource *) soundSourceForSound:(int) soundId sourceGroupId:(int) sourceGroupId;
+
+/** Stops playing a sound */
+- (void) stopSound:(ALuint) sourceId;
+/** Stops playing a source group */
+- (void) stopSourceGroup:(int) sourceGroupId;
+/** Stops all playing sounds */
+-(void) stopAllSounds;
+-(void) defineSourceGroups:(NSArray*) sourceGroupDefinitions;
+-(void) defineSourceGroups:(int[]) sourceGroupDefinitions total:(NSUInteger) total;
+-(void) setSourceGroupNonInterruptible:(int) sourceGroupId isNonInterruptible:(BOOL) isNonInterruptible;
+-(void) setSourceGroupEnabled:(int) sourceGroupId enabled:(BOOL) enabled;
+-(BOOL) sourceGroupEnabled:(int) sourceGroupId;
+-(BOOL) loadBufferFromData:(int) soundId soundData:(ALvoid*) soundData format:(ALenum) format size:(ALsizei) size freq:(ALsizei) freq;
+-(BOOL) loadBuffer:(int) soundId filePath:(NSString*) filePath;
+-(void) loadBuffersAsynchronously:(NSArray *) loadRequests;
+-(BOOL) unloadBuffer:(int) soundId;
+-(ALCcontext *) openALContext;
+
+/** Returns the duration of the buffer in seconds or a negative value if the buffer id is invalid */
+-(float) bufferDurationInSeconds:(int) soundId;
+/** Returns the size of the buffer in bytes or a negative value if the buffer id is invalid */
+-(ALsizei) bufferSizeInBytes:(int) soundId;
+/** Returns the sampling frequency of the buffer in hertz or a negative value if the buffer id is invalid */
+-(ALsizei) bufferFrequencyInHertz:(int) soundId;
+
+/** Used internally, never call unless you know what you are doing */
+-(void) _soundSourcePreRelease:(CDSoundSource *) soundSource;
+
+@end
+
+#pragma mark CDSoundSource
+/** CDSoundSource is a wrapper around an OpenAL sound source.
+ It allows you to manipulate properties such as pitch, gain, pan and looping while the 
+ sound is playing. CDSoundSource is based on the old CDSourceWrapper class but with much
+ added functionality.
+ 
+ @since v1.0
+ */
+@interface CDSoundSource : NSObject <CDAudioTransportProtocol, CDAudioInterruptProtocol> {
+        ALenum lastError;
+@public
+        ALuint _sourceId;
+        ALuint _sourceIndex;
+        CDSoundEngine* _engine;
+        int _soundId;
+        float _preMuteGain;
+        BOOL enabled_;
+        BOOL mute_;
+}
+@property (readwrite, nonatomic) float pitch;
+@property (readwrite, nonatomic) float gain;
+@property (readwrite, nonatomic) float pan;
+@property (readwrite, nonatomic) BOOL looping;
+@property (readonly)  BOOL isPlaying;
+@property (readwrite, nonatomic) int soundId;
+/** Returns the duration of the attached buffer in seconds or a negative value if the buffer is invalid */
+@property (readonly) float durationInSeconds;
+
+/** Stores the last error code that occurred. Check against AL_NO_ERROR */
+@property (readonly) ALenum lastError;
+/** Do not init yourself, get an instance from the sourceForSound factory method on CDSoundEngine */
+-(id)init:(ALuint) theSourceId sourceIndex:(int) index soundEngine:(CDSoundEngine*) engine;
+
+@end
+
+#pragma mark CDAudioInterruptTargetGroup
+
+/** Container for objects that implement audio interrupt protocol i.e. they can be muted and enabled.
+ Setting mute and enabled for the group propagates to all children. 
+ Designed to be used with your CDSoundSource objects to get them to comply with global enabled and mute settings
+ if that is what you want to do.*/
+@interface CDAudioInterruptTargetGroup : NSObject <CDAudioInterruptProtocol> {
+        BOOL mute_;
+        BOOL enabled_;
+        NSMutableArray *children_;
+}
+-(void) addAudioInterruptTarget:(NSObject<CDAudioInterruptProtocol>*) interruptibleTarget;
+@end
+
+#pragma mark CDAsynchBufferLoader
+
+/** CDAsynchBufferLoader
+ TODO
+ */
+@interface CDAsynchBufferLoader : NSOperation {
+        NSArray *_loadRequests;
+        CDSoundEngine *_soundEngine;
+}       
+
+-(id) init:(NSArray *)loadRequests soundEngine:(CDSoundEngine *) theSoundEngine;
+
+@end
+
+#pragma mark CDBufferLoadRequest
+
+/** CDBufferLoadRequest */
+@interface CDBufferLoadRequest: NSObject
+{
+        NSString *filePath;
+        int              soundId;
+        //id       loader;
+}
+
+@property (readonly) NSString *filePath;
+@property (readonly) int soundId;
+
+- (id)init:(int) theSoundId filePath:(const NSString *) theFilePath;
+@end
+
+/** Interpolation type */
+typedef enum {
+        kIT_Linear,                     //!Straight linear interpolation fade
+        kIT_SCurve,                     //!S curved interpolation
+        kIT_Exponential         //!Exponential interpolation
+} tCDInterpolationType;
+
+#pragma mark CDFloatInterpolator
+@interface CDFloatInterpolator: NSObject
+{
+        float start;
+        float end;
+        float lastValue;
+        tCDInterpolationType interpolationType;
+}
+@property (readwrite, nonatomic) float start;
+@property (readwrite, nonatomic) float end;
+@property (readwrite, nonatomic) tCDInterpolationType interpolationType;
+
+/** Return a value between min and max based on t which represents fractional progress where 0 is the start
+ and 1 is the end */
+-(float) interpolate:(float) t;
+-(id) init:(tCDInterpolationType) type startVal:(float) startVal endVal:(float) endVal;
+
+@end
+
+#pragma mark CDPropertyModifier
+
+/** Base class for classes that modify properties such as pitch, pan and gain */
+@interface CDPropertyModifier: NSObject
+{
+        CDFloatInterpolator *interpolator;
+        float startValue;
+        float endValue;
+        id target;
+        BOOL stopTargetWhenComplete;
+        
+}
+@property (readwrite, nonatomic) BOOL stopTargetWhenComplete;
+@property (readwrite, nonatomic) float startValue;
+@property (readwrite, nonatomic) float endValue;
+@property (readwrite, nonatomic) tCDInterpolationType interpolationType;
+
+-(id) init:(id) theTarget interpolationType:(tCDInterpolationType) type startVal:(float) startVal endVal:(float) endVal;
+/** Set to a fractional value between 0 and 1 where 0 equals the start and 1 equals the end*/
+-(void) modify:(float) t;
+
+-(void) _setTargetProperty:(float) newVal;
+-(float) _getTargetProperty;
+-(void) _stopTarget;
+-(Class) _allowableType;
+
+@end
+
+#pragma mark CDSoundSourceFader
+
+/** Fader for CDSoundSource objects */
+@interface CDSoundSourceFader : CDPropertyModifier{}
+@end
+
+#pragma mark CDSoundSourcePanner
+
+/** Panner for CDSoundSource objects */
+@interface CDSoundSourcePanner : CDPropertyModifier{}
+@end
+
+#pragma mark CDSoundSourcePitchBender
+
+/** Pitch bender for CDSoundSource objects */
+@interface CDSoundSourcePitchBender : CDPropertyModifier{}
+@end
+
+#pragma mark CDSoundEngineFader
+
+/** Fader for CDSoundEngine objects */
+@interface CDSoundEngineFader : CDPropertyModifier{}
+@end
+
+
+
+